TABLE 3.
Recovery, health-related quality of life and symptoms burden at the 5-month and 1-year research visits stratified by the presence of pre-existing airway diseases
| 5-month visit | 1-year visit | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Pre-existing airway disease# | n | No pre-existing airway disease¶ | p-value | n | Pre-existing airway disease+ | n | No pre-existing airway disease§ | p-value | |
| Fully recovered from COVID-19? | 509 | 1693 | 0.002 | 403 | 1384 | 0.000 | ||||
| Yes | 100 (19.7) | 467 (27.6) | 82 (20.4) | 459 (33.2) | ||||||
| No | 303 (59.5) | 912 (53.9) | 225 (55.8) | 638 (46.1) | ||||||
| Not sure | 106 (20.8) | 314 (18.5) | 96 (23.8) | 287 (20.7) | ||||||
| EQ-5D-5L Utility Index pre-COVID estimate | 503 | 0.74±0.27 | 1667 | 0.84±0.21 | 0.000 | 422 | 0.74±0.27 | 1399 | 0.84±0.21 | 0.000 |
| EQ-5D-5L Utility Index at the visit | 487 | 0.62±0.28 | 1626 | 0.73±0.24 | 0.000 | 390 | 0.64±0.27 | 1350 | 0.73±0.25 | 0.000 |
| EQ-5D-5L Utility Index delta change | 404 | −0.12±0.26 | 1353 | −0.11±0.21 | 0.451 | 338 | −0.10±0.24 | 1160 | −0.11±0.22 | 0.351 |
| EQ5D-5L VAS pre-COVID estimate | 491 | 73.7±18.5 | 1604 | 81.3±16.8 | 0.000 | 410 | 74.6±18.9 | 1342 | 81.1±16.6 | 0.000 |
| EQ5D-5L VAS at the visit | 488 | 63.4±21.3 | 1618 | 72.2±19.2 | 0.000 | 384 | 67.3±21.2 | 1347 | 71.3±20.4 | 0.001 |
| EQ5D-5L VAS delta change | 397 | −10.6±21.3 | 1300 | −9.7±18.8 | 0.441 | 323 | −8.5±20.2 | 1112 | −10.2±19.7 | 0.168 |
| WG-SS-SCo | 508 | 176±34.7 | 1700 | 356±20.9 | 0.000 | 407 | 130±31.9 | 1386 | 259±18.7 | 0.000 |
| WG-SS-SCo new disability | 384 | 94 (24.5) | 1275 | 223 (17.5) | 0.002 | 111 | 30 (27.0) | 380 | 63 (16.6) | 0.014 |
| PSQ Breathlessness pre-COVID estimate | 493 | 2.6±2.6 | 1669 | 0.8±1.7 | 0.000 | 256 | 2.6±2.4 | 837 | 0.8±1.6 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Breathlessness at the visit | 496 | 4.9±2.8 | 1697 | 3.7±2.9 | 0.000 | 398 | 3.7±2.7 | 1372 | 2.4±2.5 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Breathlessness delta change | 481 | 2.3±3.1 | 1628 | 2.9±3.0 | 0.000 | 243 | 1.2±2.7 | 805 | 1.9±2.7 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Cough pre-COVID estimate | 489 | 1.7±2.4 | 1664 | 0.6±1.5 | 0.000 | 256 | 1.5±2.2 | 836 | 0.6±1.5 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Cough at the visit | 491 | 2.9±2.9 | 1693 | 1.9±2.6 | 0.000 | 395 | 2.1±2.5 | 1368 | 1.3±2.1 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Cough delta change | 476 | 1.3±3.0 | 1622 | 1.3±2.7 | 0.643 | 241 | 0.6±2.4 | 801 | 0.9±2.3 | 0.100 |
| PSQ Fatigue pre-COVID estimate | 488 | 2.2±2.6 | 1664 | 1.4±2.2 | 0.000 | 256 | 2.1±2.4 | 831 | 1.3±2.0 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Fatigue at the visit | 490 | 5.7±2.9 | 1693 | 4.5±3.0 | 0.000 | 396 | 4.3±3.0 | 1369 | 3.3±2.9 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Fatigue delta change | 474 | 3.5±3.3 | 1621 | 3.1±3.2 | 0.060 | 243 | 2.5±2.0 | 799 | 2.4±2.2 | 0.979 |
| PSQ Sleep Disturbance pre-COVID estimate | 488 | 2.8±2.7 | 1663 | 1.9±2.5 | 0.000 | 255 | 2.5±2.7 | 836 | 1.8±2.4 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Sleep Disturbance at the visit | 491 | 4.9±3.0 | 1686 | 3.8±3.1 | 0.000 | 398 | 3.9±3.1 | 1368 | 3.3±3.0 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Sleep Disturbance delta change | 473 | 2.1±3.0 | 1616 | 1.9±3.1 | 0.136 | 243 | 1.5±2.9 | 805 | 1.6±2.9 | 0.739 |
| PSQ Pain pre-COVID estimate | 489 | 2.3±2.9 | 1649 | 1.4±2.4 | 0.000 | 253 | 2.3±2.8 | 836 | 1.4±2.3 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Pain at the visit | 492 | 4.0±3.4 | 1677 | 3.0±3.1 | 0.000 | 396 | 3.3±3.1 | 1363 | 2.5±2.8 | 0.000 |
| PSQ Pain delta change | 477 | 1.7±2.9 | 1601 | 1.6±2.8 | 0.320 | 239 | 1.2±2.7 | 800 | 1.3±2.6 | 0.653 |
Data are presented as n (%) or mean±sd. Missing not included in %. Delta change at each visit was calculated from the pre-COVID estimates. EQ-5D-5L VAS: Euroqol five level visual analogue scale 0–100; WG-SS-SCo: Washington Group Short Set of Functioning Severity Continuum; PSQ: Patient Symptoms Questionnaires. See supplementary table SM1 for further descriptions of variables. #: n=595; ¶: n=1975; +: n=479; §: n=1621.