Table 10.

Handwashing and worry and concern.

Study ID	Determinant	Effect size (CI)	n
Rattay (2021)	Worries	AOR: 1.14 for women, 1.14 for men	13,430 women; 13,037 men
Callaghan (2021)	COVID worry	AOR: 1.28 (1.07–1.52)	5009
Al‐Sejari (2021)	Concern about pain	r = 0.148 OR* = 1.72	1413
Shook (2020)	COVID‐19 concern	Multiple regression coefficient: 0.13	1019
Nelson (2021)	Level of concern about contracting COVID‐19 Level of concern about exposing others to COVID‐19	r = 0.14 (washing hands at work), OR* = 1.67 r = 0.17 (washing hands outside of work), OR* = 1.87 r = 0.10 (washing hands at work), OR* = 1.44 r = 0.13 (washing hands outside of work), OR* = 1.61	508

Abbreviations: AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.

^* p < 0.05.