Table 5.

Representative genes and enzymes involved in phosphate, sulfide, and carbonate metal precipitation

Gene	Enzyme	Microorganism	Reference
Phosphate
phoD	alkaline phosphatase	Acinetobacter pittii	Wan et al., 2020
phyK	histidine acid phosphatase	Xanthomonas campestris	Huang et al., 2009
		Pseudomonas syringae	Cangussu et al., 2018
		Pectobacterium carotovorum (formerly Erwinia carotovora)	Cangussu et al., 2018
phyA	beta-propeller phytase	Acinetobacter pittii	Wan et al., 2020
		Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae	Chatterjee et al., 2007
pqq	pyrroloquinoline-quinone synthase	Acinetobacter pittii	Wan et al., 2020
pkk	polyphosphate kinase	Acinetobacter pittii	Wan et al., 2020
Sulfide
sat	sulfate adenylyltransferase	Thiorhodovibrio	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Thioalkalivibrio sp.	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Thohalocapsa sp.	Vavourakis et al., 2019
aprAB	adenylyl sulfate reductase alpha & beta subunits	Desulfovibrio spp.	Ramos et al., 2012
qmoABC	quinone-interacting membrane-bound oxidoreductase	Desulfovibrio spp.	Ramos et al., 2012
dsrAB	dissimilatory sulfite reductase alpha & beta subunits	Desulfovibrio vulgaris	Oliveira et al., 2008
		Thiorhodovibrio	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Thioalkalivibrio sp.	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Thohalocapsa sp.	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Ca. Rokubacteria	Anantharaman et al., 2018
		Ca. Hydrothermarchaeota	Anantharaman et al., 2018
sirA	dissimilatory sulfite reductase	Shewanella oneidensis	Shirodkar et al., 2011
mccA	dissimilatory sulfite reductase	Wolinella succinogenes	Kern et al., 2011
asrAB	siroheme-dependent anaerobic sulfite reductase	Ca. Woesearchaeota	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Salmonella spp.	Vavourakis et al., 2019
		Edwardsiella spp.	Vavourakis et al., 2019
Carbonate
ureC	Urease subunit alpha	Sporosarcina luteola	Cuaxinque-Flores et al., 2020
		Sporosarcina pastuerii	Kang & So, 2016
		Viridibacillus arenosi	Kang & So, 2016
		Enterobacter cloacae	Kang & So, 2016
		Lysinibacillus sphaericus	Kang & So, 2016