Table 1. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) characterization of the hydrodynamic diameters of nonfluorescent (non-NV⁻) and fluorescent (NV⁻) diamonds. The quantitative characterization presents the average hydrodynamic diameter (Z_Ave), standard error of the mean (SEM), and the 10^th, 50^th, and 90^th quantiles (Di₁₀, Di₅₀, and Di₉₀).

NV− presence	Surface termination	Solvent	ZAve [nm]	SEM [nm]	Di10 [nm]	Di50 [nm]	Di90 [nm]
Non–NV−	-O	DI water	734	88	546	754	1060
		DMSO	1145	279	813	1220	1860
		BSA 2.5%	741	108	540	767	1100
		FBS	887	168	597	945	1540
	-H	DI water	818	187	578	864	1310
		DMSO	798	108	568	817	1200
		BSA 2.5%	851	192	548	907	1570
		FBS	1267	385	942	1430	2230
NV−	-O	DI water	735	202	484	713	1260