Table II.

Eating behaviour recommendations and other modifications lifestyles for Polish children and adolescents with obesity [62]

Recommendations for eating behaviour

5 meals a day (3 main meals and 2 complementary meals), without snacking between meals Each meal should contain protein, carbohydrates, and healthy fats Eating at consistent times every 3–4 hours Not skipping breakfast and meals during school hours Fruits (2–3 servings per day), vegetables (≥3 servings per day, lots of green vegetables) Dairy products, preferably unsweetened (≥2–3 servings per day) Avoiding high-energy products with low nutritional content (e.g. sweetened or energy drinks, fast food, high-energy snacks [e.g. chips, sticks], additives [e.g. mayonnaise]) Encouraging people to drink water instead of sweetened beverages Encouraging reading of food labels, choosing products without added sugars Encouraging the family to eat together as often as possible Limiting eating out, especially at fast-food restaurants Adjusting portion sizes according to age Avoiding watching TV or using a tablet or smartphone while eating

Physical activity recommendations

Daily ≥60 min of aerobic physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity Limit time spent in front of a screen outside of school to 1–2 h per day Engaging children and parents/guardians in age-appropriate play and exercise and individual abilities of the child

Behavioural recommendations

Identifying disorders such as depression, eating disorders, body image problems, anxiety