TABLE 3.
Diagnostic methods for detecting molecular alterations in non-squamous nonsmall cell lung cancer
| IHC | PCR | FISH | NGS | HC-NGS | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PD-L1 | + | − | − | − | − |
| EGFR sensitising | + | + | + | ||
| EGFRex20ins | −/+ | − | + | + | |
| ALK | + | − | + | + | + |
| ROS1 | −/+# | − | + | + | + |
| BRAF | − | + | − | + | + |
| MET | −/+¶ | +/− | + | + | + |
| HER2 | −/+§ | + | + | + | + |
| RET | +/− | + | + | + | |
| NRTK | − | − | + | + | + |
IHC: immunohistochemistry; FISH: fluorescence in situ hybridisation; NGS: next-generation sequencing; HC-NGS: hybrid capture-based NGS; PD-L1: programmed death-ligand 1; EGFR: epidermal growth factor receptor; ALK: anaplastic lymphoma kinase; ROS1: ROS proto-oncogene 1; BRAF: B-Raf proto-oncogene; MET: MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase; HER2: human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; RET: rearranged during transfection; NTRK: neurotrophic tropomyosin kinase receptors. +: indicates clinical utility. #: positive IHC for ROS1 needs further confirmation with FISH or NGS; ¶: IHC for MET overexpression can be used as a predictive marker for response to therapy (experimental use only); §: IHC for HER2 protein is not recommended for lung cancer patients.