Table 2.

Sensitivity analysis for the causal association between blood metabolites and cholestatic liver diseases.

Metabolites	Diseases	Subcategory	Heterogeneity test		Pleiotropy test			FDRIVW	Steiger test
			IVW		MR-Egger				Correct causal direction	Steiger_pval
			Q (I2)	Q_pval	Intercept	SE	p
Mannose	PBC	Carbohydrate	12.871 (37.85%)	0.116	−0.012	0.035	0.743	0.025	TRUE	3.0309 × 10−73
Malate	PBC	Energy	15.514 (16.20%)	0.276	0.015	0.060	0.813	0.039	TRUE	3.37241 × 10−36
Valine	PBC	Amino acid	0.500 (0.00%)	0.919	−0.013	0.037	0.758	0.046	TRUE	2.61682 × 10−21
Creatine	PBC	Amino acid	3.620 (0.00%)	0.605	0.024	0.036	0.544	0.031	TRUE	1.2098 × 10−34
X-12038	PBC	Unknown	41.465 (1.12%)	0.450	0.010	0.032	0.742	0.010	TRUE	1.13 × 10−115
Isovalerylcarnitine	PBC	Amino acid	8.442 (0.00%)	0.935	0.012	0.022	0.600	0.004	TRUE	9.53331 × 10−96
leucylalanine	PBC	Peptide	4.567 (0.00%)	0.600	−0.057	0.064	0.414	0.001	TRUE	2.27609 × 10−34
Pantothenate	PSC	Cofactors and vitamins	14.693 (0.00%)	0.875	−0.007	0.018	0.700	0.023	TRUE	1.03623 × 10−98
Erythrose	PSC	Carbohydrate	7.650 (34.64%)	0.177	−0.056	0.107	0.628	0.024	TRUE	1.39181 × 10−11
X-11529	PSC	Unknown	8.406 (0.00%)	0.494	0.020	0.017	0.276	0.000	TRUE	6.6887 × 10−176
X-11538	PSC	Unknown	4.533 (0.00%)	0.952	0.017	0.022	0.465	0.003	TRUE	1.0065 × 10−100
X-11847	PSC	Unknown	3.489 (0.00%)	0.942	−0.018	0.033	0.610	0.002	TRUE	6.79813 × 10−25
X-12405	PSC	Unknown	3.219 (0.00%)	0.781	−0.014	0.050	0.797	0.037	TRUE	4.1679 × 10−33
1-stearoyl glycerophosphocholine	PSC	Lipid	3.792 (0.00%)	0.956	−0.005	0.029	0.858	0.047	TRUE	6.28367 × 10−44
X-13429	PSC	Unknown	4.824 (0.00%)	0.567	0.020	0.038	0.628	0.000	TRUE	3.50935 × 10−73

IVW, inverse variance weighted; MR, Mendelian randomization; FDR, false discovery rate; PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; PSC, primary sclerosing cholangitis.