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. 2023 Nov 16;40(7):857–871. doi: 10.1007/s12264-023-01145-3

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© The Author(s) 2023

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Fig. 7 — THz waves mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction in the brain of APP^SWE/PS1^DE9 mice. A Effect of THz waves treatment on cytochrome oxidase expression (red) in the cortex and hippocampus of different groups of mice. Insets: representative morphology at higher magnification. Scale bars, 200 µm, 50 µm. B, C Total COX-IV fluorescence intensity in different brain regions (n = 4-5 mice per group). D Representative TEM images of mitochondria. Scale bars, 1 μm. E Mean perimeter of mitochondria, F Mean area of mitochondria (n = 3 mice per group). Data are presented as the mean ± SEM. ****P <0.0001, ***P <0.001, **P <0.01, *P <0.05. AD APP^SWE/PS1^DE9, transgenic mice; Ctrl, control; WT. wild type, IntDen. integrated density; Mito. mitochondria.