Table 3.
Ocular complications and loss of best-corrected visual acuity for eyes of patients with ocular syphilis.
| Complication | All (n = 204) | Women (n = 50) | Men (n = 154) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number at risk | Number of events | Incidence rate (per eye-year) | Poisson Exact CI 95% | Number at risk | Number of events | Incidence rate (per eye-year) | Poisson Exact CI 95% | Number at risk | Number of events | Incidence rate (per eye-year) | Poisson Exact CI 95% | |
| Cataract | 185 | 16 | 0.18 | 0.10–0.28 | 42 | 3 | 0.16 | 0.03–0.37 | 143 | 13 | 0.2 | 0.11–0.34 |
| Epiretinal membrane | 200 | 11 | 0.09 | .04–0.16 | 50 | 2 | 0.06 | 0.01–0.21 | 150 | 9 | 0.11 | 0.05–0.21 |
| Glaucoma/ocular hypertension | 202 | 11 | 0.10 | 0.05–0.17 | 50 | 1 | 0.03 | 0.001–0.16 | 152 | 9 | 0.11 | 0.05–0.22 |
| Optic nerve atrophy | 204 | 9 | 0.07 | 0.03–0.14 | 50 | 2 | 0.06 | 0.01–0.21 | 154 | 7 | 0.08 | 0.03–0.17 |
| Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment | 204 | 6 | 0.05 | 0.02–0.11 | 50 | 0 | 0 | NA | 154 | 6 | 0.07 | 0.03–0.15 |
| Cystoid macular edema | 191 | 0 | 0 | NA | 47 | 0 | 0 | NA | 144 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Choroidal neovascularization | 200 | 0 | 0 | NA | 48 | 0 | 0 | NA | 152 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Retinal vascular occlusionb | 202 | 0 | 0 | NA | 50 | 0 | 0 | NA | 152 | 0 | 0 | NA |
| Visual acuity | ||||||||||||
| ≤ 20/50 | 69 | 4 | 0.10 | 0.03–0.25 | 10 | 0 | 0 | NA | 59 | 4 | 0.11 | 0.03–0.29 |
| ≤ 20/200 | 126 | 5 | 0.06 | 0.02–0.14 | 33 | 2 | 0.08 | 0.01–0.03 | 93 | 3 | 0.05 | 0.01–0.15 |
n = 204 eyes, 50 eyes of women and 154 eyes of men.
NA not applicable.
*One patient had retinal vascular occlusion secondary to diabetic retinopathy that is not included here.
†Ocular hypertension was recorded when IOP exceeded 21 mmHg by Goldmann applanation tonometry. Glaucoma was diagnosed when the raised IOP was associated with characteristic glaucomatous field defects and/or retinal nerve fibre layer thinning.