Table 1.

Trial interventions related to FOXO1.

Name	Models	Mechanisms	Therapeutic effects	References
Resveratrol	HepG2 cells	Sirt1 ↑, FOXO1 ↑, SREBP1 ↓	Reduces hepatic lipid accumulation	(64)
β-Caryophyllene	HepG2 cells	AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↑	Promote lipid decomposition and inhibit liver damage	(65)
Alpha-lipoic acid	HepG2 cells	AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↑	Promote lipid decomposition	(66)
LPSF/GQ-02	C57BL/6J mice	AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↑	Promote lipid decomposition and inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration	(67)
Dioscin	AML-12 cells, HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice	Sirt1 ↑, p-AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, ATGL ↑	Promote lipid decomposition and inhibit liver damage	(68)
Tomatidine	HepG2 cells	p-AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, ATGL ↑	Promote lipid decomposition	(69)
Sirt1	C57BL/6J mice	PPARα ↑, FOXO1 ↑	Reduces hepatic lipid accumulation	(70)
QSHX	SD rats	p-AKT ↓, p-FOXO1 ↓, FOXO1 ↓	Reduces liver lipid accumulation and damage	(71)
TMZ	HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice	p-AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↓, CHREBP ↓	Inhibit liver lipid synthesis and block the progression of liver fibrosis	(72)
Berberine	HepG2 cells	Sirt1 ↑, FOXO1 nuclear retention, SREBP2 ↓	Inhibits the synthesis of triglycerides and cholesterol	(73)
Tacrolimus	AML12 cells, C57BL/6J mice	FKBP51-FOXO1 complex ↑, HMGCS2 ↓	Inhibit ketosis	(74)
LncRNA SRA	HepG2 cells, ob/ob mice	FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↓	Inhibits lipid breakdown	(75)
LncRNA MEG3	HepG2 cells	FOXO1 ↓, ACC1 ↓, FAS ↓	Inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis	(76)
DLK1	db/db mice, C57BL/6J mice	p-AMPK ↑, p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓	Reduce liver lipid accumulation, inhibit gluconeogenesis, and inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration	(77)
FcγRIIb	HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice	p-AKT ↓, p-FOXO1 ↓, G6pase ↑, PEPCK ↑	Promotes hepatic lipid accumulation and gluconeogenesis	(78)
Infliximab	Wistar rats	TNF-α ↓, p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓	Reduces liver inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis while improving insulin signaling	(79)
THC	HepG2 cells	p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓	Inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis	(80)
Luteolin	Wistar rats	p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓， SREBP1 ↓	Reduce serum triglycerides and total cholesterol, inhibit gluconeogenesis	(81)
Vitamin D	C57BL/6J mice	p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓, SREBP1C ↓, ACC ↓	Inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis	(82)
SARM1-knockout	C57BL/6J mice	p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓	Inhibit liver damage and insulin resistance, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress	(83)
Men1	NCTC-1469 cells	negative feedback loop between Men1 and fox01	Maintaining stable glucose and lipid metabolism	(84, 85)
Rg1	C57BL/6J mice	FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓	Enhance liver antioxidant capacity and reduce inflammation	(86)
Resveratrol	C57BL/6J mice	FOXO1 ↑, SOD2 ↑	Enhance liver antioxidant	(87)
Salvianolic acid B	SD rats	Sirt3 ↑, Ac-FOXO1 ↓, FOXO1 ↑, SOD2 ↑	Enhance liver antioxidant	(88)
H2S	HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice	Sirt1 ↑, FOXO1 ↑, SOD2 ↑, PCSK9 ↓	Relieve endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cells	(89)
EGCG	SD rats	p-PI3K ↑, p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓	Improve liver fibrosis	(90, 91)
Esculetin	Wistar rats	p-FOXO1 ↑, TGF-β ↓	Improve liver fibrosis	(92)
S100A11	C57BL/6J mice	Ac-FOXO1 ↑, FOXO1 ↑, ATG7 ↑, LC3-II ↑	Activation of hepatocyte autophagy and lipogenesis	(93)
n3-PUFAs	SD rats	p-IRS-1 ↓, FOXO1 ↓, MAP1LC3B ↓, GAPARAPL1 ↓	Inhibit hepatocyte autophagy	(94)
AS1842856			FOXO1 antagonists	(95)
Serpina3c- knockout	Apoe−/−mice	β-catenin ↓, FOXO1 ↓, TLR4 ↓	Inhibit necroptosis	(96)
exosomal miR-192-5p	SD rats	RICTOR ↓, p-FOXO1 ↓, M1 macrophages ↑	Inducing inflammation	(97)