Table 1.
Trial interventions related to FOXO1.
| Name | Models | Mechanisms | Therapeutic effects | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resveratrol | HepG2 cells | Sirt1 ↑, FOXO1 ↑, SREBP1 ↓ | Reduces hepatic lipid accumulation | (64) |
| β-Caryophyllene | HepG2 cells | AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↑ | Promote lipid decomposition and inhibit liver damage | (65) |
| Alpha-lipoic acid | HepG2 cells | AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↑ | Promote lipid decomposition | (66) |
| LPSF/GQ-02 | C57BL/6J mice | AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↑ | Promote lipid decomposition and inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration | (67) |
| Dioscin | AML-12 cells, HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice | Sirt1 ↑, p-AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, ATGL ↑ | Promote lipid decomposition and inhibit liver damage | (68) |
| Tomatidine | HepG2 cells | p-AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↑, ATGL ↑ | Promote lipid decomposition | (69) |
| Sirt1 | C57BL/6J mice | PPARα ↑, FOXO1 ↑ | Reduces hepatic lipid accumulation | (70) |
| QSHX | SD rats | p-AKT ↓, p-FOXO1 ↓, FOXO1 ↓ | Reduces liver lipid accumulation and damage | (71) |
| TMZ | HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice | p-AMPK ↑, FOXO1 ↓, CHREBP ↓ | Inhibit liver lipid synthesis and block the progression of liver fibrosis | (72) |
| Berberine | HepG2 cells | Sirt1 ↑, FOXO1 nuclear retention, SREBP2 ↓ | Inhibits the synthesis of triglycerides and cholesterol | (73) |
| Tacrolimus | AML12 cells, C57BL/6J mice | FKBP51-FOXO1 complex ↑, HMGCS2 ↓ | Inhibit ketosis | (74) |
| LncRNA SRA | HepG2 cells, ob/ob mice | FOXO1 ↓, ATGL ↓ | Inhibits lipid breakdown | (75) |
| LncRNA MEG3 | HepG2 cells | FOXO1 ↓, ACC1 ↓, FAS ↓ | Inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis | (76) |
| DLK1 | db/db mice, C57BL/6J mice | p-AMPK ↑, p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓ | Reduce liver lipid accumulation, inhibit gluconeogenesis, and inhibit inflammatory cell infiltration | (77) |
| FcγRIIb | HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice | p-AKT ↓, p-FOXO1 ↓, G6pase ↑, PEPCK ↑ | Promotes hepatic lipid accumulation and gluconeogenesis | (78) |
| Infliximab | Wistar rats | TNF-α ↓, p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓ | Reduces liver inflammation, steatosis, and fibrosis while improving insulin signaling | (79) |
| THC | HepG2 cells | p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓ | Inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis | (80) |
| Luteolin | Wistar rats | p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓， SREBP1 ↓ | Reduce serum triglycerides and total cholesterol, inhibit gluconeogenesis | (81) |
| Vitamin D | C57BL/6J mice | p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓, SREBP1C ↓, ACC ↓ | Inhibits hepatic lipid synthesis and gluconeogenesis | (82) |
| SARM1-knockout | C57BL/6J mice | p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↑, G6pase ↓, PEPCK ↓ | Inhibit liver damage and insulin resistance, reduce inflammation and oxidative stress | (83) |
| Men1 | NCTC-1469 cells | negative feedback loop between Men1 and fox01 | Maintaining stable glucose and lipid metabolism | (84, 85) |
| Rg1 | C57BL/6J mice | FOXO1 ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓ | Enhance liver antioxidant capacity and reduce inflammation | (86) |
| Resveratrol | C57BL/6J mice | FOXO1 ↑, SOD2 ↑ | Enhance liver antioxidant | (87) |
| Salvianolic acid B | SD rats | Sirt3 ↑, Ac-FOXO1 ↓, FOXO1 ↑, SOD2 ↑ | Enhance liver antioxidant | (88) |
| H2S | HepG2 cells, C57BL/6J mice | Sirt1 ↑, FOXO1 ↑, SOD2 ↑, PCSK9 ↓ | Relieve endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cells | (89) |
| EGCG | SD rats | p-PI3K ↑, p-AKT ↑, p-FOXO1 ↓ | Improve liver fibrosis | (90, 91) |
| Esculetin | Wistar rats | p-FOXO1 ↑, TGF-β ↓ | Improve liver fibrosis | (92) |
| S100A11 | C57BL/6J mice | Ac-FOXO1 ↑, FOXO1 ↑, ATG7 ↑, LC3-II ↑ | Activation of hepatocyte autophagy and lipogenesis | (93) |
| n3-PUFAs | SD rats | p-IRS-1 ↓, FOXO1 ↓, MAP1LC3B ↓, GAPARAPL1 ↓ | Inhibit hepatocyte autophagy | (94) |
| AS1842856 | FOXO1 antagonists | (95) | ||
| Serpina3c- knockout | Apoe−/−mice | β-catenin ↓, FOXO1 ↓, TLR4 ↓ | Inhibit necroptosis | (96) |
| exosomal miR-192-5p | SD rats | RICTOR ↓, p-FOXO1 ↓, M1 macrophages ↑ | Inducing inflammation | (97) |