Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Jul 17;10:17. doi: 10.1186/s42234-024-00149-2

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2024, corrected publication 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 5 — Evoked ESRs are responsive to the anatomical location of the stimulating cathode. Representative data from subject S3. Waveforms were represented as 300 individual recorded traces with an overlaid median trace. A Cathodic ‘off-disc’ stimulation resulted in observable EMG bleed-through for recorded ESRs compared to the ‘on-disc’ stimulation. B Intramuscular EMG recordings of the intercostal muscles via surgical placement of needle electrodes through the intercostal muscles (IM) and C through the skin (IMS) show preference for evoked muscle contraction when cathode was located ‘on-disc’. Cathodic ‘on-disc’ stimulation produced a delayed motor response at the maximum stimulation amplitude, 9.0 mA, for intramuscular EMG (IMS) recordings, as indicated by a black arrow (bottom). D Dose-response curves (calculated as root-mean-square, RMS) for collected ESRs, shown as (1) ECAP and (2) EMG components, and (3) intramuscular EMG (IM) recordings show a distinct relationship to cathode placement with respect to the intervertebral disc