Table 3.
Differences in biomarkers between Class1 and Class10, separated by sex
| Parameter | Females |
Males |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Class 1 |
Class 10 |
p-Value | Class 1 |
Class 10 |
p-Value | |||||
| N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | N | Mean (SD) | |||
| UCB (μmol/L) | 156 | 2.499 (0.39) | 91 | 14.46 (4.23) | <0.001 | 92 | 2.434 (0.49) | 157 | 14.71 (3.91) | <0.001 |
| Age (years) | 156 | 58.31 (10.6) | 91 | 56.54 (12.2) | 0.329 | 92 | 57.94 (10.4) | 157 | 59.09 (11.1) | 0.263 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 156 | 26.30 (5.38) | 91 | 24.40 (4.58) | 0.003 | 92 | 28.50 (4.48) | 157 | 26.40 (3.79) | <0.001 |
| Weight (kg) | 156 | 68.57 (14.0) | 91 | 65.35 (13.2) | 0.042 | 92 | 86.39 (13.6) | 157 | 82.34 (12.6) | 0.027 |
| Height (cm) | 156 | 161.6 (6.12) | 91 | 163.5 (6.73) | 0.09 | 92 | 174.2 (6.21) | 157 | 176.6 (7.70) | 0.012 |
| WC (cm) | 156 | 90.21 (13.7) | 91 | 86.53 (12.8) | 0.02 | 92 | 100.7 (10.7) | 157 | 96.17 (10.3) | 0.007 |
| WHR | 156 | 0.881 (0.07) | 91 | 0.864 (0.07) | 0.09 | 92 | 0.954 (0.05) | 157 | 0.948 (0.06) | 0.486 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 156 | 72.97 (9.99) | 91 | 70.88 (9.56) | 0.114 | 92 | 73.20 (12.5) | 157 | 67.19 (12.0) | <0.001 |
| BP diastolic (mmHg) | 156 | 80.69 (10.0) | 91 | 77.24 (9.60) | 0.011 | 92 | 83.29 (11.8) | 157 | 83.59 (10.2) | 0.696 |
| BP systolic (mmHg) | 156 | 134.5 (21.1) | 91 | 129.0 (19.1) | 0.026 | 92 | 140.4 (20.5) | 157 | 140.9 (19.9) | 0.671 |
| Left hand power (kg) | 154 | 24.86 (5.11) | 90 | 26.73 (7.18) | 0.031 | 90 | 42.51 (8.76) | 157 | 41.36 (8.55) | 0.287 |
| Right hand power (kg) | 156 | 26.40 (5.51) | 91 | 28.49 (7.77) | 0.033 | 92 | 43.12 (9.54) | 157 | 42.62 (8.76) | 0.587 |
| HbA1c (%) | 154 | 6.142 (0.80) | 90 | 5.984 (0.42) | 0.256 | 89 | 6.135 (0.59) | 155 | 5.880 (0.51) | <0.001 |
| Insulin (μU/mL) | 156 | 6.288 (5.01) | 91 | 4.516 (2.22) | 0.002 | 91 | 9.418 (7.06) | 157 | 5.332 (3.11) | <0.001 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 147 | 1.211 (1.04) | 84 | 0.950 (0.39) | 0.056 | 86 | 1.941 (1.79) | 144 | 1.203 (0.63) | <0.001 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 147 | 5.677 (0.97) | 84 | 5.577 (1.02) | 0.388 | 86 | 5.472 (0.94) | 144 | 5.259 (1.05) | 0.139 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 149 | 1.595 (0.45) | 86 | 1.785 (0.45) | <0.001 | 88 | 1.181 (0.33) | 145 | 1.375 (0.35) | <0.001 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | 149 | 3.363 (0.85) | 86 | 3.140 (0.90) | 0.018 | 88 | 3.444 (0.81) | 145 | 3.170 (0.88) | 0.014 |
| Adiponectin (ng/mL) | 156 | 17.33 (9.39) | 91 | 19.24 (8.65) | 0.024 | 92 | 9.811 (4.44) | 156 | 11.90 (6.18) | 0.008 |
| FRS (points) | 140 | 14.74 (3.78) | 77 | 12.71 (5.50) | 0.02 | 80 | 12.46 (2.84) | 134 | 11.13 (3.81) | 0.041 |
| ALT (U/l) | 156 | 21.70 (9.30) | 91 | 20.45 (5.94) | 0.574 | 91 | 27.10 (11.3) | 157 | 25.46 (10.1) | 0.193 |
| γ-GT (U/l) | 148 | 20.57 (36.8) | 83 | 16.33 (18.6) | 0.885 | 88 | 30.87 (25.9) | 145 | 24.75 (30.4) | 0.005 |
| Ascorbic acid (mg/L) | 156 | 5.848 (3.56) | 91 | 5.235 (3.06) | 0.251 | 92 | 5.208 (6.99) | 157 | 4.367 (2.77) | 0.731 |
| Uric acid (mg/L) | 156 | 38.87 (10.2) | 91 | 39.22 (10.8) | 0.921 | 92 | 51.81 (10.7) | 157 | 51.11 (11.4) | 0.39 |
| Glutathione (μmol/L) | 156 | 1085 (168) | 91 | 1119 (200) | 0.252 | 92 | 1101 (229) | 157 | 1142 (203) | 0.248 |
| Cysteine (μmol/L) | 156 | 145.9 (35.9) | 91 | 143.2 (29.8) | 0.601 | 92 | 139.5 (42.5) | 157 | 135.5 (31.3) | 0.955 |
| MDA (μmol/L) | 156 | 0.295 (0.20) | 91 | 0.319 (0.21) | 0.219 | 92 | 0.340 (0.25) | 157 | 0.324 (0.19) | 0.728 |
| Protein carbonyls (nmol/mg) | 156 | 0.581 (0.09) | 91 | 0.589 (0.08) | 0.399 | 92 | 0.605 (0.25) | 157 | 0.587 (0.08) | 0.297 |
| 3-Nitrotyrosine (pmol/mg) | 153 | 4.699 (3.34) | 90 | 4.604 (2.32) | 0.368 | 89 | 4.368 (2.41) | 156 | 4.252 (2.42) | 0.74 |
| Urinary 8-isoprostane (ng/mL) | 155 | 3.119 (3.04) | 91 | 2.578 (1.84) | 0.063 | 91 | 2.512 (4.25) | 156 | 1.749 (0.74) | 0.393 |
| Plasma creatinine (μmol/L) | 156 | 63.17 (11.7) | 91 | 67.28 (12.7) | 0.015 | 91 | 82.91 (22.1) | 157 | 84.94 (13.0) | 0.054 |
| Urinary creatinine (pmol/L) | 155 | 8.043 (4.39) | 91 | 9.143 (5.53) | 0.289 | 91 | 12.37 (6.26) | 156 | 12.50 (6.05) | 0.854 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 156 | 2.245 (2.60) | 91 | 2.046 (3.73) | 0.047 | 91 | 3.383 (4.00) | 157 | 2.102 (4.22) | <0.001 |
| Arg-Pyr (%) | 150 | 0.252 (0.42) | 89 | 0.554 (1.98) | 0.044 | 92 | 0.272 (0.21) | 153 | 0.317 (0.58) | 0.895 |
| CML (%) | 150 | 0.209 (0.53) | 89 | 0.166 (0.40) | 0.128 | 92 | 0.162 (0.15) | 153 | 0.303 (1.05) | 0.638 |
Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. The means are in bold to make them stand out. Significant p-values are shown in bold and italics.
UCB, unconjugated bilirubin; RASIG, randomly recruited age-stratified individuals from the general population; GO, GEHA (genetics of healthy aging) offspring; SGO, Spouses of GO (GEHA offspring); FRS, Framingham Risk Score; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; γ-GT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; MDA, malondialdehyde; CRP, C-reactive protein; Arg-Pyr, arg-pyrimidine; CML, carboxymethyllysine.