Table 4. Software used for automated analysis methods.

Software Name	Species	Criteria / Evaluation items	URL	Reference No.
Inception V3	Mouse	Presence or absence of pain	https://cloud.google.com/tpu/docs/inception-v3-advanced	81
ResNet50	Mouse	Whether anaesthesia or surgery is affected	https://keras.io/api/applications/resnet/	82
Deep Taylor Decomposition	Mouse	Heatmap display of facial expressions	https://github.com/myc159/Deep-Taylor-Decomposition	82
YOLOv3	Mouse	Presence or absence of pain	https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov3	85
YOLOv5	Rat	Presence or absence of pain	https://github.com/ultralytics/yolov5	86
CLIP	Rabbit	Presence or absence of pain	https://github.com/openai/CLIP	87
Matlab 2016b	Horse	Presence or absence of pain	https://www.mathworks.com/company/newsroom/mathworks-announces-release-2016b-of-the-matlab-and-simulink-pro.html	88
ShuffleNetV2	Cat	Presence or absence of pain	https://pytorch.org/hub/pytorch_vision_shufflenet_v2/	89
EfficientNetB0	Cat	Presence or absence of pain	https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/applications/efficientnet/EfficientNetB0	89
MobileNetV3	Cat	Presence or absence of pain	https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.02244	89