Fig. 4.
Micropolymers and associated plasticizers activating various pathways like Wnt/β-catenin signalling and NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway. PS-MPs induce oxidative stress leading to β-catenin release. In the nucleus, it binds to TCF/LEF, thus activating the signalling pathway [90]. PS-MPs also lead to pyroptosis and apoptosis of granulosa cells by activating the NLRP3/caspase-1 pathway through oxidative stress [185].