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hUCMSC-EVs treatment inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum and kidneys of MRL/lpr mice. (a–d) The levels of IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-17 A, and TGF-β1 in the serum were detected by ELISA. The data of IFN-γ and TGF-β1 was combined for two of three independently repeated experiments. (e-h) The mRNA expression of IL-6, IFN-γ, IL-17 A, and IL-21 in the kidney was detected by RT-PCR. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. the PBS group
