RT-PCR products from N and NSs mRNAs provided with leader sequences derived from AMV RNA 1 and RNA 2 (A), RNA 3 (B), and RNA 4 (C). Total RNA was isolated from infected N. benthamiana at 15 days p.i. The RT primers used were N1 and NSs1, and the PCR primers used were A12 (A), A3 (B), and A4 (C) in combination with N2 and NSs2 (Fig. 2). PCR products of ∼315 bp represent specific TSWV N mRNAs, and PCR products of ∼420 bp represent TSWV NSs mRNAs. Products of primers A12 and N2 or NSs2 contain both AMV RNA 1- and RNA 2-derived leaders because the 5′-terminal 11-nt sequences of these AMV RNAs are identical and therefore are both recognized by primer A12. λ-PstI, molecular size (numbers at left, in base pairs) markers; mock, mock-infected plants; AMV, AMV-infected plants; TSWV, TSWV-infected plants; MR, in vitro mixed RNA of singly (AMV or TSWV) infected plants. Arrowheads indicate specific PCR products from N mRNAs (∼315 bp) and NSs mRNAs (∼420 bp).