Fig. 2.

Main roles of histone modifier enzymes alteration in solid tumors and hematopoietic cancers. The alterations of histone modifier enzymes could induce various diseases, including cancer. Some enzymes such as DOT1L, SMYD2, JARID1 and several HDACs play similar role in tumorigenesis, promoting tumor development in both solid and hematopoietic cancers. Some of them play different, even opposite, role between solid and hematopoietic cancers. For instance, PRMT1, PRMT5, KDM6A, HDAC2, HDAC5 and HDAC10 can promote the development of hematopoietic cancers. However, the exact function of these molecules in solid tumors is controversial, which may depend on the individual situation. For example, SUV39H2, a HMT, functions as a tumor suppressor in solid tumors, but promotes the tumorigenesis of hematopoietic cancers. Similarly, JARID2 is an oncoprotein in solid tumors, but a tumor suppressor in hematopoietic cancers. HAT, histone acetyltransferase; HDAC, histone deacetylases; HDM, histone demethylase; HMT, histone methyltransferase.