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. 2024 Jul 18;14:16605. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-67781-5

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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MTT assay for in vitro evaluation of the viability of selected peptide-treated Vero-Dog-SLAM and MDCK cells. (A) Cell viability was evaluated in the Vero-Dog-SLAM cell line after treatment with the predicted MHC class I peptides. (B) Cell viability was evaluated in the Vero-Dog-SLAM cell line after treatment with the predicted MHC class II peptides. (C) Cell viability was evaluated in the Vero-Dog-SLAM cell line after treatment with linear B-cell-predicted peptides. (D) Cell viability was evaluated in the MDCK cell line after treatment with the predicted MHC class I peptide. (E) Cell viability was evaluated in the MDCK cell line after treatment with the predicted MHC class II peptide. (F) Cell viability was evaluated in the MDCK cell line after treatment with linear B-cell-predicted peptides. Cells were treated with twofold serial dilutions of selected peptides ranging from 6.125 to 200 nM for 48 h. Cells without peptide were used as a viability negative control, and cells treated with 0.5% Triton X-100® served as a cytotoxicity positive control. Two independent experiments with 4 replicates (n = 8) were carried out for each cell line, and nontreated cells were used as negative controls. Peptides B and Y, which have reported antimicrobial activity, were used as noncytotoxic control peptides. The means and coefficients of variation are shown in the graph.