Krebs 2003.

Methods	Design: randomised controlled trial
Participants	Number: 33 (UPVD), n = 51 (bilateral VD) Age: intervention group: mean age 51.8 (SD 19.3) years, comparator group: mean age 67.8 (SD 16.1) years Gender: not reported Setting: tertiary care hospital Eligibility criteria: mixed diagnoses ‐ unilateral and bilateral peripheral vestibular dysfunction. Diagnosed by VOR gain, calorics etc Exclusion criteria: BPPV, Ménière's disease, unstable vestibulopathies Baseline characteristics: not reported
Interventions	Intervention group: VR (adaptation, balance) (n = 42) Comparator group: control (strength exercises) (n = 44) VR versus control (sham)
Outcomes	Primary outcome: gait speed Secondary outcomes: locomotor stability, base of support
Notes	Only 27 of the 86 who completed the exercise intervention returned for the 1‐year follow‐up assessment
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information about the sequence generation process
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Insufficient information about the method of allocation
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	It is not clear whether outcome assessors were blinded to group allocation
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Reasons for missing data explained for both groups and analysis done only on participants who completed the study
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	High risk	Data not reported adequately to enable meta‐analysis
Other bias	Low risk	The study appears to be free of other sources of bias