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. 2024 Jul 19;19(7):e0306643. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306643

Table 3. Subgroup analysis of depression and anxiety.

Subgroups Depression Anxiety
Studies, n Participants, n I 2 Q-test Mean difference 95% CI P Studies, n Participants, n I 2 Q-test Mean difference 95% CI P
Publication date
>2017 or = 2017 2 437 0 0.88 -0.74 -1.95,0.47 0.23
<2017 2 382 93 0.0002 -2.08 -4.62,0.47 <0.00001
Number of participants
<100 2 219 50 0.16 -2.7 -4.70,-0.69 0.008 2 140 88 0.004 -1.00 -2.74,0.73 0.26
>100 2 606 0 1 -0.70 -1.62,0.22 0.14 2 622 0 0.74 -2.30 -3.78,-0.81 0.002