Table 1.

Ethno-medicinal uses of D. viscosa.

Used part	Mode of preparation	Traditional use	Location	References
Leaves	Cataplasm Powdered leaves	Rheumatic pains and headaches Wounds healing and burns	Algeria Morocco	9,11
	Compresses Powder	Rheumatic pains and headache Wounds and burns.	Algeria	10
	Decoction	Diabetes	Morocco	14,15
	Decoction	Diabetes, heart disease and antihypertension	Morocco	13
	Fumigation	Cardiac disease	Algeria	31
	Infusion Decoction	Wounds, antidiarrheic and vermifuge	Algeria	33
	Not reported	Gastrointestinal disorders and hypertension	Algeria	32
	Not reported	Dermal Wound	Morocco	37
	Not reported	Skin diseases, wounds, hypertension, diabetes, Cancer, infertility, rheumatic pains, bronchitis, tuberculosis, lung and gastro-duodenal disorders	Turkey	22
	Not reported	Skin diseases, wounds, cutaneous abscesses, bronchial infections and tuberculosis	Morocco	35
	Warm leaves: External uses	Injury, Edema, Ulcers.	Algeria	38
	Direct application/Cataplasm	Swelling, wound healing, hematoma	Italy	26,40
	Direct application	Hemostasis, wound healing and bruises	Italy	25 39
	Not reported	Rheumatisms, colds	Israel	21
	Not reported	Muscle relaxant, infertility, skin diseases	Palestine	36 34
Leaves and stems	Infusion	Diabetes	Algeria Morocco	41,42
Leaves and seeds	Not reported	Hypertension and cardiovascular disorders.	Morocco	43
Leaves and roots	Decoction Cataplasm Powdered leaves	Antitussive, diuretic, vermifuge, plant insecticide. Soothing for rheumatic pains, hemostatic, healing skin wounds, purulent dermatoses, and to ripen the abscess, weight gain.	Morocco	46
	Not reported	Antipyretic, antiseptic, diabetes Anti-diuretic, against bronchitis, gastro-intestinal conditions, anthelmintic, Insecticide	Morocco	44
	Decoction	Diabetes, digestive system and cancer	Morocco	45
	Decoction Powdered leaves	For external use, relieves rheumatic pains. Healing effect for sores	Morocco	48
	Decoction	Allergic skin irritations, diabetes mellitus and hypertension	Algeria	47
	Decoction cataplasm	Diarrhea, Rheumatism	Algeria	12
Leaves and Flowers	Infusion Decoction	Headache Gastrointestinal diseases: Diarrhea	Algeria	57
Roots	Decoction	Allergy, Asthma, Inflammation	Morocco	50
	Decoction Fumigation	Allergic skin irritations Nasal decongestant	Italy	51
Flowers	Decoction	Anthelminthic, for lung cancer, Muscle relaxant	Jordan	53
	Decoction, essential oil	Respiratory diseases, Injuries, Calluses, Fractures and contusions	Spain	54
Aerial part	Decoction	Diabetes, hypertension and renal diseases	Morocco	52
	Direct application	Hemostasis	Italy	51
Whole plant	Infusion	Anthelmintic, for lung disorders	Jordan	56
Not reported	Cataplasm and other	Anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antiseptic, antiphlogistic, diabetes, treating gastroduodenal disorders, anthelmintic, treatment of tuberculosis, bronchitis, expectorant, anemia, rheumatic pain and diuretic	Jordan	49
Not reported	Topical application	Wound healing, anti-inflammatory and anti-scabies	Spain	55