Table 3. Quality appraisal using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.

(+) indicates a low-quality score in the respective category; (++) indicates a moderate-quality score; (+++) indicates a high-quality score

Study	Selection	Comparability	Outcome
Baum et al., 2023 [19]	+++	++	+++
Davis et al., 2019 [24]	+++	++	++
Lu et al., 2021 [20]	++++	++	+++
Robinson et al., 2021 [21]	++++	++	+++
Zupa et al., 2022 [13]	+++	+	+++
Zupa et al., 2023 [22]	++++	++	+++
Eiland et al., 2022 [23]	+++	++	+++
Nyenwe et al., 2020 [25]	+++	++	+++