Table 2:

Importance of pathophysiological features associated with infection-related causes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

	Childhood infections	Tuberculosis	HIV
Hypertrophy of airway smooth muscle	Sometimes occurs normally, but can be mildly important	Moderately important	Mildly important
Thickening of basement membrane	Sometimes occurs normally, but can be mildly or moderately important	Very important	Mildly important
Inflammation*	Mildly to moderately important	Moderately important	Mildly important
Change in turnover of extracellular matrix	Moderately important	Very important	Moderately important
Damage to mucociliary clearance or mucus hypersecretion	Moderately important	Moderately important	Moderately important

^*Neutrophilic, eosinophilic, or paucigranulocytic inflammation.