Table 5.
Measured and simulated data for top dry biomass, by-product yield, leaf area index, and grain yield during evaluation model in 2021 under different plant densities and N rates in Fogera Plain.
| Nitrogen Rates | Plant Density | Top dry biomass (t ha−1) |
By-product (t ha−1) |
LAIX |
Grain Yield (t ha−1) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SIM | OBS | Dev (%) | SIM | OBS | Dev (%) | SIM | OBS | Dev (%) | SIM | OBS | Dev (%) | ||
| N1 (115) |
PD1 | 15.674 | 15.127 | 3.6 | 11.404 | 11.430 | −0.23 | 5.61 | 4.55 | 23.16 | 4.270 | 4.244 | 0.61 |
| PD2 | 15.766 | 15.601 | 1.1 | 11.426 | 11.438 | −0.10 | 5.58 | 5.06 | 10.30 | 4.340 | 4.328 | 0.28 | |
| PD3 | 15.833 | 15.436 | 2.6 | 11.468 | 11.486 | −0.16 | 5.63 | 4.89 | 15.11 | 4.365 | 4.347 | 0.41 | |
| PD4 | 15.597 | 14.827 | 5.2 | 11.344 | 11.310 | 0.30 | 5.57 | 4.51 | 23.42 | 4.253 | 4.287 | −0.79 | |
| PD5 | 15.691 | 15.114 | 3.8 | 11.416 | 11.424 | −0.07 | 5.67 | 5.04 | 12.59 | 4.275 | 4.267 | 0.19 | |
| PD6 | 15.740 | 15.288 | 3.0 | 11.424 | 11.353 | 0.63 | 5.63 | 4.89 | 15.18 | 4.316 | 4.387 | −1.62 | |
| PD7 | 15.516 | 14.982 | 3.6 | 11.308 | 11.339 | −0.27 | 5.65 | 4.69 | 20.55 | 4.208 | 4.177 | 0.74 | |
| PD8 | 15.575 | 14.876 | 4.7 | 11.326 | 11.390 | −0.56 | 5.57 | 4.68 | 19.02 | 4.250 | 4.185 | 1.55 | |
| PD9 |
15.670 |
15.114 |
3.7 |
11.398 |
11.389 |
0.08 |
5.67 |
4.73 |
19.90 |
4.272 |
4.281 |
−0.21 |
|
| N2 (138) | PD1 | 16.681 | 15.762 | 5.8 | 12.219 | 12.279 | −0.49 | 6.67 | 5.88 | 13.47 | 4.462 | 4.402 | 1.36 |
| PD2 | 16.793 | 16.036 | 4.7 | 12.286 | 12.393 | −0.86 | 6.66 | 5.98 | 11.41 | 4.508 | 4.470 | 0.85 | |
| PD3 | 16.850 | 16.371 | 2.9 | 12.300 | 12.289 | 0.09 | 6.55 | 6.23 | 7.49 | 4.550 | 4.461 | 2.00 | |
| PD4 | 16.616 | 15.662 | 6.1 | 12.218 | 12.333 | −0.93 | 6.70 | 6.10 | 7.38 | 4.398 | 4.383 | 0.34 | |
| PD5 | 16.692 | 16.149 | 3.4 | 12.225 | 12.355 | −1.05 | 6.68 | 6.05 | 10.32 | 4.466 | 4.387 | 1.80 | |
| PD6 | 16.743 | 16.123 | 3.8 | 12.237 | 12.314 | −0.63 | 6.61 | 5.91 | 11.90 | 4.506 | 4.429 | 1.74 | |
| PD7 | 16.55 | 15.517 | 6.7 | 12.184 | 12.243 | −0.48 | 6.73 | 6.01 | 12.05 | 4.366 | 4.307 | 1.37 | |
| PD8 | 16.607 | 15.611 | 6.4 | 12.212 | 12.319 | −0.87 | 6.70 | 6.17 | 8.64 | 4.395 | 4.288 | 2.50 | |
| PD9 | 16.675 | 16.149 | 3.3 | 12.214 | 12.295 | −0.66 | 6.68 | 6.05 | 10.45 | 4.461 | 4.380 | 1.85 | |
Key: SIM = simulated, OBS = observed, Dev = deviation, Plant density per m2 (PD1–9) (1 = 75, 2 = 87, 3 = 98, 4 = 72, 5 = 82, 6 = 91, 7 = 70, 8 = 79, and 9 = 89) and N1 and N2 (nitrogen rates), respectively.