. 2024 Jun 15;10(13):e33156. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33156

Table 1.

Characteristics of the included studies.

Study	Date	Country	Group	Patient	Sex (M/F)	Age (range or SD)	Pancreatic Texture (S/F)	Primary Outcome	Definition
Chou et al. [21]	1996	China	D-M	47	23/24	60 ± 11	NM	NM	Non-ISGPF
Chou et al. [21]	1996	China	Invagination	46	27/19	56 ± 12	NM	NM	Non-ISGPF
Bassi et al. [22]	2003	Italy	D-M	72	40/32	62 ± 10	72/0	NM	Non-ISGPF
Bassi et al. [22]	2003	Italy	Invagination	72	46/26	61 ± 12	72/0	NM	Non-ISGPF
Langrehr et al. [23]	2005	Germany	D-M	56	34/22	59 (28–86)	NM	NM	Non-ISGPF
Langrehr et al. [23]	2005	Germany	Invagination	57	32/25	60 (35–79)	NM	NM	Non-ISGPF
Beger et al. [24]	2009	America	D-M	97	45/52	68 (32–84)	50/47	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Beger et al. [24]	2009	America	Invagination	100	54/46	68 (41–90)	51/49	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Han et al. [25]	2009	China	D-M	32	20/12	59 ± 11	32/0	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Han et al. [25]	2009	China	Invagination	32	24/8	56 ± 11	32/0	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Nakeeb et al. [26]	2015	Egypt	D-M	53	34/19	54 (12–73)	25/28	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Nakeeb et al. [26]	2015	Egypt	Invagination	54	33/21	54 (20–75)	27/27	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Xu et al. [27]	2015	China	D-M	153	82/71	58.17 ± 11.72	95/58	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Xu et al. [27]	2015	China	Invagination	155	84/71	58.19 ± 10.7	104/51	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Bai et al. [28]	2016	China	D-M	64	38/26	62 (32–79)	36/28	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Bai et al. [28]	2016	China	Invagination	68	39/29	64 (21–78)	44/24	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Senda et al. [29]	2018	Japan	D-M	61	36/25	66（36–84）	31/30	Grade B/C POPF	ISGPF 2005
Senda et al. [29]	2018	Japan	Invagination	59	36/23	68（22–81）	30/29	Grade B/C POPF	ISGPF 2005
Singh et al. [30]	2018	India	D-M	97	63/34	53.4 (12.1)	42/55	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005
Singh et al. [30]	2018	India	Dunking	96	63/33	51.5 (14.2)	48/48	Incidence of POPF	ISGPF 2005

D-M, duct-to-mucosa; POPF, postoperative pancreatic fistula; ISGPF, International Study Group definition and grading of postoperative pancreatic fistula; NM, not mentioned; S, soft; F, firm; M, male; F, female; SD, standard deviation.