Table 1.
Patient and disease characteristics
| Characteristic | Overall, N = 12 |
Without active CNS disease at CAR-T infusion, n = 4 |
Active CNS disease at CAR-T infusion, n = 8 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at CAR-T infusion (range), y | 72 (50-82) | 75 (71-82) | 71 (50-77) |
| Race | |||
| Asian | 2 (17%) | 1 (25%) | 1 (12.5%) |
| White | 10 (83%) | 3 (75%) | 7 (87.5%) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 3 (25%) | 2 (50%) | 1 (12.5%) |
| Male | 9 (75%) | 2 (50%) | 7 (87.5%) |
| Stage at diagnosis | |||
| III | 1 (8.3%) | 1 (25%) | 0 (0%) |
| IV | 11 (92%) | 3 (75%) | 8 (100%) |
| ECOG | |||
| 0-1 | 9 (75%) | 4 (100%) | 5 (62.5%) |
| 2 | 2 (16.7%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (25%) |
| >3 | 1 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (12.5%) |
| Timing of secondary CNS involvement | |||
| Diagnosis | 2 (17%) | 1 (25%) | 1 (12.5%) |
| Relapse | 10 (83%) | 3 (75%) | 7 (87.5%) |
| Median number of prior therapy lines (range) | 4 (2-6) | 4 (4-5) | 4 (2-6) |
| Sites of active CNS Disease at CAR-T infusion | |||
| None | 4 (33%) | 4 (100%) | 0 (0%) |
| Parenchymal | 2 (17%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (25%) |
| Leptomeningeal | 5 (42%) | 0 (0%) | 5 (63%) |
| Both | 1 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (13%) |
| Active systemic disease present at CAR-T infusion | 6 (50%) | 2 (50%) | 4 (50%) |
| Prior transplant before CAR-T | 3 (25%) | 1 (25%) | 2 (25%) |
| History of CNS radiation | |||
| No | 8 (67%) | 3 (75%) | 5 (62.5%) |
| Yes, extracranial stereotactic RT | 1 (8.3%) | 1 (25%) | 0 (0%) |
| Yes, WBRT or focal stereotactic brain RT | 3 (25%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (37.5%) |
| Prior BTKi use | 11 (92%) | 4 (100%) | 7 (88%) |
| Interval between BTKi before CAR-T (range), mo | 4 (1-22) | 3.0 (2-4) | 5 (1-22) |
| Reasons for discontinuation | |||
| Intolerance | 1 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (14%) |
| PD | 6 (50%) | 1 (25%) | 5 (72%) |
| Not available/others | 4 (33%) | 3 (75%) | 1 (14%) |
| Time from last RT to CAR-T infusion (range), d | 36 (11-245) | 245 (245-245) | 16 (11-55) |
| Bridging therapy prior to CAR-T | |||
| None | 6 (50%) | 1 (25%) | 5 (63%) |
| BTKi with or without chemotherapy | 2 (17%) | 2 (50%) | 0 (0%) |
| Extracranial focal stereotactic RT | 1 (8.5%) | 1 (25%) | 1 (13%) |
| WBRT or stereotactic brain RT | 3 (25.5%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (25%) |
| Interval between diagnosis and CAR-T infusion (range), d | 20 (6-169) | 25 (6-90) | 20 (7-169) |
| Type of CAR-T product | |||
| Brexu-cel | 11 (92.7%) | 4 (100%) | 7 (88%) |
| Investigational | 1 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (13%) |
| Lymphodepletion regimen | |||
| Bendamustine | 1 (8.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (13%) |
| Fludarabine/cyclophosphamide | 11 (92.7%) | 4 (100%) | 7 (88%) |
BTKi, Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitor; Brexu-cel, brexucabtagene autoleucel; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; RT, radiation; WBRT, whole brain radiation.