Table 1. Basic demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory findings of the study population.
| Variables | Normal coronary flow (n = 130) | Coronary slow flow (n = 130) | p value |
| Demographics and medical history | |||
| Age, years | 57.3 ± 12.7 | 58. 0 ± 13.0 | 0.676 |
| Gender-male (n, %) | 77 (59.2) | 94 (72.3) | 0.026 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.7 ± 4.2 | 27.8 ± 3.9 | 0.034 |
| Diabetes mellitus (n, %) | 23 (8.8) | 37 (14.2) | 0.039 |
| Hypertension (n, %) | 66 (50.8) | 62 (47.7) | 0.620 |
| Dyslipidemia (n, %) | 78 (60.0) | 50 (38.5) | 0.001 |
| Smoking (n, %) | 21 (16.2) | 38 (29.2) | 0.012 |
| Hemodynamic properties | |||
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 146 ± 19 | 144 ± 18 | 0.363 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 79 ± 15 | 80 ± 14 | 0.506 |
| Heart rate, bpm | 81 ± 7 | 82 ± 7 | 0.135 |
| LVEF (%) | 56 ± 6 | 57 ± 6 | 0.556 |
| Pre-procedural medications (%) | |||
| Antiplatelet | 22 (16.9) | 18 (13.8) | 0.492 |
| β-blocker | 18 (13.8) | 28 (21.5) | 0.104 |
| CCB | 17 (13.1) | 22 (16.9) | 0.385 |
| ACEI/ARB | 36 (27.79 | 39 (30.0) | 0.681 |
| Laboratory results | |||
| FPG (mg/dL) | 115 ± 32 | 126 ± 39 | 0.018 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.79 ± 0.14 | 0.78 ± 0.19 | 0.531 |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 0.5 | 0.019 |
| Albumin (mg/dL) | 3.2 ± 1.0 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 0.018 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 0.40 (0.10-0.74) | 0.50 (0.21-1.26) | 0.011 |
| eGFR (ml/min) | 92 ± 19 | 94 ± 19 | 0.390 |
| WBC (×1000/mm3) | 9.2 ± 3.7 | 9.9 ± 4.1 | 0.154 |
| Lymphocyte (×1000/mm3) | 2.1 ± 0.8 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.091 |
| Monocytes (×1000/mm3) | 0.60 (0.50-0.90) | 0.70 (0.50-0.98) | 0.127 |
| Neutrophil (×1000/mm3) | 6.5 ± 2.5 | 7.1 ± 3.0 | 0.057 |
| RDW, fL | 12.6 ± 1.5 | 13.0 ± 1.6 | 0.051 |
| MPV, fL | 8.1 ± 1.6 | 8.4 ± 1.2 | 0.117 |
| Hemoglobin (mg/dL) | 14.2 ± 1.9 | 13.8 ± 1.7 | 0.084 |
| Hematocrit (%) | 42.8 ± 4.9 | 41.8 ± 5.6 | 0.129 |
| Platelet count (×1000/mm3) | 259 (224-303) | 278 (223-332) | 0.114 |
| Traditional lipid profiles | |||
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 166 (117-220) | 177 (141-227) | 0.027 |
| TC (mg/dL) | 146 (113-179) | 156 (188-129) | 0.019 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 38 (36-42) | 37 (35-41) | 0.009 |
| LDL-C (mg/dL) | 109 (73-133) | 116 (97-139) | 0.030 |
| Non-traditional lipid profiles | |||
| Non-HDL-C (mg/dL) | 107 (78-144) | 131 (97-159) | < 0.001 |
| NHHR | 2.90 (2.48-3.45) | 3.83 (3.38-4.32) | < 0.001 |
| AIP | 0.14 (0.07-0.29) | 0.26 (0.16-0.39) | < 0.001 |
| LCI (×10-4) | 6.7 (4.4-10.7) | 10.0 (6.1-13.9) | < 0.001 |
| Castelli’s risk index-I | 3.9 (3.0-5.5) | 4.8 (3.8-6.0) | < 0.001 |
| Castelli’s risk index-II | 3.0 (2.0-3.8) | 3.3 (2.6-4.1) | < 0.001 |
Values are mean ± SD, n (%), or median (interquartile range) unless otherwise stated.
ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; AIP, atherogenic index of plasma; ARB, angiotensin receptor blockers; BMI, body mass index; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CRP, C-reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LCI, lipoprotein combined index; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; MPV, mean platelet volume; NHHR, non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio; RDW, red cell distribution width; TC, total cholesterol; WBC, white blood cell.