Table 1.
Liver organic acids after 1 % dietary hydroxyproline feeding.
| Female |
Male |
ANOVA P value |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 % Hyp |
0 % Hyp |
1 % Hyp |
0 % Hyp |
|||||||||
| KO | WT | KO | WT | KO | WT | KO | WT | Sex | Diet | Genotype | Interaction | |
| HOG | 4.2 ± 0.8 | 3.6 ± 0.3 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 3.2 ± 0.5 | 3.8 ± 0.6 | 3.3 ± 0.4 | 3.3 ± 0.2 | 3.3 ± 0.5 | 0.017 | |||
| DHG | 195 ± 21 | 9.4 ± 3.3 | 7.4 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 153 ± 23 | 11 ± 2.1 | 9.6 ± 1.2 | 1.3 ± 0.1 | 0.048 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.021 |
| Glycolate | 75.7 ± 6.7 | 64.3 ± 18.4 | 46.3 ± 1.1 | 46.1 ± 1.9 | 47.6 ± 16.9 | 49 ± 6.1 | 38.1 ± 5.3 | 39.6 ± 4 | 0.002 | 0.001 | ||
| Fumarate | 202 ± 24 | 165 ± 21 | 189 ± 40 | 154 ± 24 | 172 ± 69 | 125 ± 28 | 114 ± 19 | 137 ± 30 | 0.013 | |||
| Succinate | 799 ± 334 | 679 ± 290 | 831 ± 528 | 736 ± 121 | 972 ± 374 | 775 ± 29 | 656 ± 173 | 866 ± 565 | ||||
| Malate | 921 ± 133 | 774 ± 93 | 853 ± 165 | 731 ± 68 | 784 ± 257 | 640 ± 118 | 594 ± 72 | 681 ± 136 | 0.012 | |||
| Citrate | 234 ± 103 | 184 ± 57 | 180 ± 62 | 184 ± 17 | 136 ± 64 | 127 ± 46 | 127 ± 36 | 169 ± 76 | 0.045 | |||
| Pyruvate | 30.2 ± 8.2 | 32.7 ± 10.5 | 27.4 ± 10.9 | 29.2 ± 6.4 | 19.8 ± 2.7 | 24.3 ± 1.4 | 19.5 ± 1.7 | 26.4 ± 17.2 | ||||
| Lactate | 4510 ± 788 | 3929 ± 1275 | 4246 ± 760 | 3951 ± 698 | 7075 ± 1452 | 6090 ± 160 | 5404 ± 627 | 6367 ± 1381 | <0.001 | |||
Data expressed as mean ± SD. All metabolites expressed in nmoles/mg wet weight tissue. HOGA has been shown to exhibit oxaloacetate decarboxylase activity [8]; however, oxaloacetate was not measurable by this IC/MS method (limit of detection <1 nmol/g tissue). Three-way ANOVA was used to analyze the effect of sex, diet, genotype, and the interaction. Significant changes (P < 0.05) are indicated in table. HOG, 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate; DHG, dihydroxyglutarate.