Table 3.
Methodological quality of eligible studies (n = 61).
| Study (Author; Year) | R-AMSTAR Items |
R-AMSTAR |
Grade |
||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | Score (11–44) | (A–D) | |
| Ahmad et al. [43] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 32 | B |
| Al-Mhanna et al. [44] | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 28 | B |
| Antonelli et al. [45] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 28 | B |
| Anwer et al. [46] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 29 | B |
| Avendano-Coy et al. [47] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 36 | A |
| Chen et al. [48] | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 32 | B |
| Chen et al. [49] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 31 | B |
| Chen et al. [50] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 4 | 32 | B |
| Chen et al. [51] | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 32 | B |
| Chu et al. [52] | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 24 | B |
| Dantas et al. [53] | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 29 | B |
| Dantas et al. [54] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 32 | B |
| Dong et al. [55] | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 27 | B |
| Goff et al. [56] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 37 | A |
| Gong et al. [57] | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 26 | B |
| Grantham et al. [58] | 4 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 33 | A |
| Guo et al. [59] | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 27 | B |
| Hall et al. [60] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 34 | A |
| Heddon et al. [61] | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 22 | C |
| Hou et al. [62] | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 26 | B |
| Hu et al. [63] | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 29 | B |
| Jiménez-del-Barrio et al. [64] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 33 | A |
| Kus and Yeldan [65] | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 23 | B |
| Lauche et al. [66] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 32 | B |
| Li et al. [67] | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 23 | B |
| Li et al. [68] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 30 | B |
| Liao et al. [69] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 33 | A |
| Liao et al. [70] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 32 | B |
| Liao et al. [71] | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 28 | B |
| Lin et al. [72] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 34 | A |
| Liu et al. [73] | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 24 | B |
| Long et al. [74] | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 22 | C |
| Lu et al. [75] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 31 | B |
| Ma et al. [76] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 29 | B |
| Melese et al. [77] | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 26 | B |
| Neelapala et al. [78] | 3 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 27 | B |
| Novak et al. [79] | 3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 21 | C |
| Pirayeh et al. [80] | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 25 | B |
| Pitsillides et al. [81] | 2 | 1 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 27 | B |
| Qiu et al. [82] | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 26 | B |
| Runge et al. [83] | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 30 | B |
| Safari et al. [84] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 32 | B |
| Stausholm et al. [85] | 2 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 29 | B |
| Sun et al. [86] | 2 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 24 | B |
| Thomas et al. [87] | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 31 | B |
| Thorlund et al. [88] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 39 | A |
| Tong et al. [89] | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 24 | B |
| Tsokanos et al. [90] | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 22 | C |
| Turner et al. [91] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 29 | B |
| Ughreja and Prem [92] | 2 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 33 | A |
| Uritani et al. [93] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 32 | B |
| Wang et al. [94] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 35 | A |
| Weleslassie et al. [95] | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 24 | B |
| Wu et al. [96] | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 36 | A |
| Wu et al. [97] | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 27 | B |
| Wu et al. [98] | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 31 | B |
| Xie et al. [99] | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 29 | B |
| Yang et al. [100] | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 29 | B |
| Ye et al. [101] | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 24 | B |
| You et al. [102] | 1 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 4 | 29 | B |
| Zeng et al. [103] | 3 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 35 | A |
| Average | 3 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 1.6 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 3.3 | 29.1 | B |
R-AMSTAR items: 1 – Was an ‘‘a priori’’ design provided?; 2 – Was there duplicate study selection and data extraction?; 3 – Was a comprehensive literature search performed?; 4 – Was the status of publication used as an inclusion criterion?; 5 – Was a list of studies provided?; 6 – Were the characteristics of the included studies provided?; 7 – Was the scientific quality of the included studies assessed and documented?; 8 – Was the scientific quality of the included studies used appropriately in formulating conclusions?; 9 – Were the methods used to combine the findings of studies appropriate?; 10 – Was the likelihood of publication bias assessed?; 11 – Was the conflict of interest included?.