Table 2.

Comparison of the complications of mechanical circulatory support.

Complications (n)	IABP	ECMO	LVAD	ECMO+IABP
Acute kidney injury	9.1% (180/1968)	29.6% (248/${\mathrm{839}}^1$)	6.5% (4/${\mathrm{62}}^1$)	34.5% (50/145)
Hemorrhage	1.2% (24/1968)	35.9% (256/${\mathrm{713}}^1$)	14.5% (9/${\mathrm{62}}^1$)	29.7% (43/145)
Infection	3.7% (73/1968)	12.7% (91/${\mathrm{713}}^1$)	9.7% (6/${\mathrm{62}}^1$)	9.0% (13/145)
Limb ischemia	1.2% (24/1968)	12.2% (87/${\mathrm{713}}^1$)	—	21.4% (31/145)
Neurological events	5.5% (109/1968)	11.2% (80/${\mathrm{713}}^1$)	6.5% (4/${\mathrm{62}}^1$)	13.8% (20/145)
Cardiovascular events	1.2% (24/1968)	5.7% (41/${\mathrm{713}}^1$)	11.3% (7/${\mathrm{62}}^1$)	—
Thrombosis	—	10.1% (72/${\mathrm{713}}^1$)	1.6% (1/${\mathrm{62}}^1$)	13.8% (20/145)

¹, number of cases associated with complications.

IABP, intra-aortic balloon pump; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; LVAD, left ventricular assist device.