Table 2.
Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation (SD)) and synthetic description of the digital ROCF copy task indices; the ROCF paper-and-pencil scores using the 36-Point Accuracy Scoring Method31 and the Savage Scoring System41,42; and the Beery VMI47 as well as BVSCO-348 scores using conventional paper-and-pencil methods. The digital ROCF copy task indices were labeled with a lowercase letter “s” for spatial indices, “p” for procedural indices, and “k” for kinematic indices. sHP: horizontal placement accuracy index. sVP: vertical placement accuracy index. sLG: length accuracy index. sIC: inclination accuracy index. pBR: base rectangle priority index. pID: inner details priority index. pOR: organization by relevance index. pFR: fragmentation index. kVL: mean velocity index. kAC: mean acceleration index. kDC: mean deceleration index. kPK: number of peak velocity index. Scoring ranges are reported within parentheses, with 0 + representing a range with no predefined maximum value.
| Mean score | SD | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|
| INDEX: sHP |
5.2 (range 0–0 +) |
2.6 | Higher sHP = lower accuracy in positioning basic elements of ROCF on the horizontal axes |
| INDEX: sVP |
4.6 (range 0–0 +) |
2.1 | Higher sVP = lower accuracy in positioning basic elements of ROCF on the vertical axes |
| INDEX: sLG |
7.7 (range 0–0 +) |
2.9 | Higher sLG = lower accuracy in reproducing the length of the basic elements of the ROCF |
| INDEX: sIC |
9.0 (range 0–0 +) |
3.3 | Higher sIC = lower accuracy in reproducing the inclination of the basic elements of the ROCF |
| INDEX: pOR |
15.9 (range 0–0 +) |
5.9 | Higher pOR = lower level of organization for the basic elements of the ROCF |
| INDEX: pBR |
37.4 (range 0–100) |
12.1 | Higher pBR = lower level of priority given to the base rectangle of the ROCF |
| INDEX: pID |
70.1 (range 0–100) |
13.0 | Higher pID = lower level of priority given to the inner details of the ROCF |
| INDEX: pFR |
13.1 (range 0–0 +) |
5.9 | Higher pFR = higher degree of fragmentation of the geometrical units of the ROCF |
| INDEX: kVL |
30.2 (range 0–0 +) |
6.5 | Higher kVL = higher mean velocity per stroke |
| INDEX: kAC |
208.8 (range 0–0 +) |
59.7 | Higher kAC = higher change of rate of velocity during acceleration phases |
| INDEX: kDC |
193.5 (range 0–0 +) |
61.0 | Higher kDC = higher change of rate of velocity during deceleration phases |
| INDEX: kPK |
5.1 (range 0–0 +) |
1.1 | Higher kPK = higher number of peaks per stroke |
| ROCF copy accuracy |
26.4 (range 0–36) |
4.4 | Higher scores = higher copy accuracy |
| ROCF copy strategy |
1.9 (range 0–6) |
1.4 | Higher scores = higher ROCF copy strategy |
| Beery VMI |
19.5 (range 1–24) |
2.2 | Higher score = higher visual-constructional abilities |
|
BVSCO-3 (3 batteries) |
59 (range 0–0 +) |
14.1 | Higher score = higher motor control |
|
54.67 (range 0–0 +) |
17.5 | ||
|
60.68 (range 0–0 +) |
23.7 |