Table 2.
Literature review of the main previously reported case series (>3 cases) on lateral transorbital endoscopic approach.
| Author, Year | PMID | # of Patients | Type of Tumors | Orbital Space Involvement |
# of lesions w/Intradural Involvement | Extent of Resection (#/%) |
Complication Rate (#/%) | Type of Complications | Average Follow-up (months) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extraconal | Intraconal | GTR/NTR | STR | ||||||||
| Kong et al., 2018 (Kong et al., 2018) | 30215555 | 17 | 12 Meningiomas 1 Sebaceous gland carcinoma 1 Cystic teratoma 1 Intraconal Schwannoma 1 Osteosarcoma 1 Plasmacytoma |
16 | 1 | 13 | 13 (76.4 %) | 4 (25.5 %) | 2 (11.1 %) | Periorbital swelling | 5.3 3.7 |
| Dallan et al., 2018 (Dallan et al., 2018) | 29462449 | 14 | Spheno-orbital Meningioma | 8 | 3 | 3 | 5 (35.7 %) | 9 (64.3 %) | 10 (71.43%) | Necrosis of the upper eyelid, diplopia, V1 hypoesthesia, V2 hypoesthesia, left periorbital emphysema, palpebral edema | 25 |
| Jeon et al., 2018 (Jeon et al., 2018) | 30544350 | 9 | 4 Trigeminal Schwannomas 2 Meningiomas 1 Chondrosarcoma 1 Metastatic lesion 1 Dermoid cyst |
NA | NA | 6 | 7 (77.8 %) | 2 (22.2 %) | 1 (11%) | Ptosis | NA |
| Park et al., 2020 (Park et al., 2020) | 31226689 | 25 | Trigeminal Schwannomas | – | – | 17 | 19 (76 %) | 6 (24 %) | 3 (12 %) | Middle cerebral artery vasospasm, infection, medial gaze palsy | NA |
| Locatelli et al., 2020 (Locatelli et al., 2020) | 35433179 | 18 | 18 meningioma | 18 | 8 | 14 | 7 (38,9%) | 11 (61,1%) | 3 (16,7%) | 1 visual deficit, 2 trigeminal hypoesthesia | 31.5 (6–84) |
| Kong et al., 2020 (Sakashita et al., 2009) | 32502989 | 41 | 39 grade I and 2 grade 2 meningiomas | NA | NA | 41 | 21 (51,2%) | 20 (48,8%) | 4 (9,8%) | 2 CSF leak, 2 wound complications | 16 |
| In Woo et al. (2021) (Dallan et al., 2018) | 33226438 | 18 | 17 meningioma grade I, 1 meningioma grade II | 18 | 8 | 10 | 3 (16,7%) | 15 (83,3%) | 8 (44%) | 3 transient EOM deficit, 3 trigeminal hypoesthesia, 1 CSF leak, 1 wound infection | 20 10 |
| Di Somma et al., 2023 (Locatelli et al., 2020) | 37410915 | 20 | 5 spheno-orbital meningiomas, 1 intradiploic Meningioma, 2 intraconal lesions, 1 temporal pole lesion, 2 trigeminal schwannoma, 3 cavernous sinus lesions, and 6 petroclival lesions | 5 | 2 | 12 | NA | NA | 4 (20%) | 1 limitation of eye abduction, 1 ocular neuropathic pain, 2 slight enophthalmus | NA |
| Han X et al., 2023 (Di Somma et al., 2023) | 36947242 | 16 | 8 meningiomas, 2 hemangiomas, 1 low-grade glioma, 1 instance of inflammatory hyperplasia tissue, 1 Langerhans cell histiocytosis, 1 epidermoid cyst, 1 trigeminal schwannoma, and 1 bone fibrosis hyperplasia | 6 | 7 | 3 | 13 (81,3%) | – | 0 (0%) | – | NA |
| Zoli et al., 2023 (Zoli et al., 2023) | 37331478 | 22 | 16 meningioma grade I, 3 meningioma grade II, 1 fibrousdysplasia, 1 Plasmocytoma, 1 solitary fibrous tumor | 22 | 12 | 18 | 8 (36.4%) | 14 (63.4%) | 5 (22,7%) | 1 CSDH,1 permanent EOM deficit,3 trigeminal hypoesthesia | 46 (6–90) |
| Present study | 38 | 12 meningiomas, 8 cavernous haemangioma, 5 metastasis, 4 dermoid cysts, 1 lymphoma, 1 fibromyxoid sarcoma, 2 inflammatory lesion, 1 mastocytosis, 1 mucocele, 1 mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 1 schwannoma, 1 venous varix | 12 | 20 | 7 | 29/35 (82,9%) | 6/35 (17,1%) | 8/38 (21%) | 1 orbital abscess, 2 transient ptosis, 2 transient diplopia, 1 transient facial palsy, 1 transient III nerve palsy, 1 transient supraorbital neuralgia | 40,9 ± 24,8 | |
NA: data not available; GTR: gross total removal; NTR: near total removal; STR: subtotal removal.