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. 2024 Jul 23;48:e63. doi: 10.26633/RPSP.2024.63

TABLE 1. Features of a global, regional, and national immunization technical advisory group.

Members

WHO – SAGE

PAHO – TAG

USA – ACIP

Voting members

  • Up to 20 members

  • Appointed for up to 3 years and eligible for reappointment

  • Serve in in a personal capacity

  • Represent a broad range of disciplines relevant to vaccines and immunization.

  • All members are full participants and take part in the decision-making process of the meetings in which they are involved.

  • Nine independent experts

  • Appointed for an initial term of 4 years, with the possibility for a one-term renewal at the discretion of the PAHO Director

  • Serve in a personal capacity

  • Represent a broad range of disciplines: public health, epidemiology, vaccinology, immunology, pediatrics, internal medicine, infectious diseases, program management and health economics

  • 19 medical profession members (physicians, nurses, nurse practitioners)

  • Appointed for 4 years, non-renewable

  • Represent clinical medical fields and public health

  • One consumer representative: a technically qualified person knowledgeable on consumer perspectives and/or social and community aspects of immunization programs

Non-voting members

  • Not described in the terms of reference

  • Not described in the terms of reference

  • Eight ex officio non-voting members from different federal agencies

  • 31 non-voting liaison representatives from professional societies and organizations responsible for immunization programs

Chairperson

  • Chairperson and deputy chairperson selected and appointed by WHO following an open call for experts

  • TAG chairs required to serve as a TAG member for one term before selection and appointment.

  • TAG chair may be appointed to serve for an additional term following the initial appointment for a maximum of three consecutive terms

  • ACIP chair serves a 3-year term and is selected by the Secretariat from members serving at least 2 years and confirmed by the Secretary of Health and Human Services.

Secretariat

  • Secretariat for SAGE provided by WHO

  • Necessary scientific, technical, administrative, and other support also provided by WHO

  • Secretariat formed by the PAHO Comprehensive Family Immunization Unit of the Department of Family, Health Promotion and Life Course

  • Executive Secretary function carried out by the Unit Chief

  • CDC staff members led by an Executive Secretary, who is a senior consultant to the Director of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases responsible for the committee’s overall management and compliance

Steering committee

NA

NA

  • Representatives from major centers at CDC who meet before each ACIP meeting to plan the agenda and discuss the nomination of new members

Conflict of interest policy

  • SAGE members must be free of any real, potential, or apparent conflicts of interest.

  • All members must complete a declaration of interests form.

  • Appointment, continuation of appointment and participation in SAGE activities are subject to the evaluation of completed forms by the WHO Secretariat.

  • SAGE members have an ongoing obligation to inform WHO of any situation that may give rise to a real, potential, or apparent conflict of interest.

  • TAG members are asked to update their declarations of interest before each meeting.

  • TAG members with potentially conflicting interests cannot participate in deliberations on specific topic(s) for which they would have a conflict of interest.

  • Each voting member is required to file a government ethics form and a confidential financial disclosure report.

  • Members or their immediate family must not be employed by vaccine manufacturers, cannot hold stock in vaccine manufacturers, may not be entitled to royalties or compensation related to vaccine manufacture, should not hold advisory or consulting roles with vaccine manufacturers (except participation in clinical trials or data monitoring boards), and may not accept honoraria from vaccine manufacturers for attending scientific meetings.

  • Conflict of interest declarations are signed by Work Group members annually and changes should be announced during Work Group teleconferences.

Participation of vaccine manufacturers

  • WHO may invite external individuals to attend the open sessions as observers either in their personal capacity or as representatives from a governmental institution or intergovernmental organization, or from a non-State actor.

  • Observers are required to complete a confidentiality undertaking and a declaration of interests form before attending an advisory group session.

  • Observers cannot participate in the process of adopting decisions and recommendations of SAGE.

  • Additional experts may be invited to participate in technical sessions, when relevant.

  • Representatives of vaccine manufacturers cannot serve as members of a Work Group.

  • Representatives of vaccine manufacturers may be asked to make presentations to the group and answer questions.

WHO, World Health Organization; SAGE, Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization; PAHO, Pan American Health Organization; TAG, Technical Advisory Group; USA, United Sates of America; ACIP, Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; NA, information not available.

Sources: World Health Organization. Terms of reference for the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization. Geneva: WHO; 2022 [cited: 2024 Apr 16]. Available from: https://cdn.who.int/media/docs/default-source/immunization/sage/sage-pages/tors_sage_june2022.pdf; Pan American Health Organization. PAHO’s Technical Advisory Group on Vaccine-preventable Diseases (TAG) Terms of Reference. 2023. Washington, DC: PAHO; 2023 [cited: 2024 Apr 16]. Available from: https://www3.paho.org/hq/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=14086:tag-onvpd-tor&Itemid=40296&lang=en; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Charter of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. 2022. Atlanta: CDC; 2022 [cited: 2024 Apr 16]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/acip/committee/acip-charter.pdf