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. 2024 Jul 23;4(7):e0002643. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002643

Table 2. Odds ratios and p-values for the demographic and socio-behavioral variables used in the residence model and SES model.

Residence Model SES Model
Odds Ratio (95% CI) p value Odds Ratio (95% CI) p value
(Intercept) 0.36 [0.12, 1.12] 0.077 3.69 [0.50, 27.36] 0.197
Birthplace^ 2.84 [1.28, 6.21] 0.005*
Residence^ 6.10 [2.97, 12.5] p <0.001** 3.29 [2.30, 4.71] p <0.001**
Gender^ 3.04 [2.19, 4.21] p <0.001** 3.02 [2.20, 4.15] p <0.001**
Age 0.98 [0.97, 1.00] 0.022 0.94 [0.91, 0.97] p <0.001**
Years of education (SES) 0.92 [0.86, 0.98] 0.013 0.66 [0.54, 0.81] p <0.001**
Smoker 1.32 [0.93, 1.89] 0.124 1.22 [0.85, 1.73] 0.274
Diabetes 1.49 [0.74, 3.00] 0.267 1.28 [0.67, 2.45] 0.453
Years of education: Age 1.01 [1.00, 1.01] p <0.001**
Birthplace: Residence 0.33 [0.13–0.86] 0.024
n 720 774
R 2 0.19 0.21

* alpha = 0.05

** alpha = 0.01

^ We report the OR with a baseline of rural = 1, for Birthplace; a baseline of town = 1, for Residence; for Gender the OR is listed for males, and for Smoking and Diabetes the OR is listed for a positive response.