TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics in women with severe obesity with and without PCOS.
| PCOS (n = 63) | Non‐PCOS (n = 183) | p‐value crude | p‐value adjusted for age | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 33.0 ± 8.3 | 37.9 ± 8.21 | <0.001 | |
| Weight (kg) | 111.0 ± 16.8 | 110.7 ± 14.6 | 0.893 | 0.872 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 39.9 ± 4.7 | 39.7 ± 4.3 | 0.715 | 0.763 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 115.5 ± 12.8 | 114.9 ± 10.2 | 0.697 | 0.358 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Sedentary behavior (min/day) | 360 (120–600) | 300 (120–555) | 0.195 | 0.213 |
| Medium/vigorous activity (min/week) | 136 (90–184) | 124 (83–165) | 0.194 | 0.354 |
| Walking (min/week) | 771 (0–1268) | 758 (0–1163) | 0.730 | 0.679 |
| Dietary intake | ||||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 2692 ± 1181 | 2648 ± 1081 | 0.787 | 0.423 |
| Protein, E% | 16.3 ± 2.6 | 16.2 ± 3.0 | 0.796 | 0.771 |
| Fat, E% | 39.0 ± 5.3 | 38.8 ± 5.6 | 0.733 | 0.878 |
| Carbohydrates, E% | 43.4 ± 5.6 | 43.7 ± 6.3 | 0.757 | 0.770 |
| Sugar, E% | 19.8 ± 5.9 | 19.9 ± 5.9 | 0.900 | 0.806 |
| Alcohol, E% | 1.0 ± 1.3 | 1.1 ± 1.8 | 0.673 | 0.944 |
| Fiber (g) | 23.6 ± 12.9 | 22.5 ± 10.4 | 0.499 | 0.142 |
| Iron (mg) | 14.7 ± 6.2 | 14.8 ± 5.7 | 0.895 | 0.663 |
| Vitamin C (mg) | 142.2 ± 77.4 | 130.0 ± 82.0 | 0.313 | 0.230 |
| Vitamin D (μg) | 8.4 ± 3.9 | 7.6 ± 3.6 | 0.163 | 0.050 |
Note: Values are presented as mean ± SD, except for physical activity, which is presented as median and IQ range. Comparisons between groups were made with an independent sample t‐test and Mann–Whitney U‐test, with adjustment for age with ANCOVA; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Bold shows statistically significant p‐values.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; E%, energy percent; IQ range, interquartile range; PCOS, polycystic ovary syndrome; SD, standard deviation.