TABLE 4.
Health benefits, sample type, and model type with summary.
| Health benefits | Sample type | Model type | Result summary/mechanisms | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Antimicrobial | Aqueous leaf extract | Agar diffusion method |
Inhibited the growth of E. coli, S. typhi, and P. aeruginosa Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC): 10–20 mg/mL Significant variation in antimicrobial effectiveness (MIC for bacteria: 0.04–2.50 mg/mL and MIC for fungi: 0.16 to >2.50 mg/mL) Coefficient of variability for bacteria during winter (75.2%) and summer (31.3%) Coefficient of variability for fungi during winter (19.2%) and summer (23.1%) Samples collected in winter exhibited greater antifungal activity Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC): 20–40 mg/mL Inhibited the growth of certain bacterial strains |
Mostafa et al. (2018) |
| Acetone extract from 12 moringa trees harvested in different seasons | Twofold serial dilution method | Mursyid et al. (2019) | ||
| Different extract of moringa leaves | Well‐diffusion assay | Baker et al. (1998) | ||
| Anticancerous | Moringa leaves powder | Colorectal carcinogenesis model (24 male mice) |
Suppressed colorectal carcinogenesis induced by AOM/DSS with a 5% w/v dosage of moringa The ethanolic extract impedes the growth of C4‐II and HeLa cervical cancer cells by reducing NF‐kB and Bcl‐xL levels in these cells Moringa leaves collaborate with vesicular stomatitis virus for cervical cancer therapy by modifying pathways related to proliferation, apoptosis, and antiviral responses Moringa leaves elevated BCL‐2 expression in liver and kidney tissues, leading to reduced levels of caspase 3, caspase 9, and NKFβ markers |
Abadallah and Ali (2019) |
| Different extract of moringa leaves | Cervical cancer cell lines | Atef et al. (2019) | ||
| Methanolic extract | 48 male Wistar rats | Bancessi et al. (2020) | ||
| Antioxidant | Subcritical ethanolic leaves extract of flavonoids | DPPH and FRAP assay |
FRAP assay = 0.95–1.35 mmol FeSO4/mg DPPH assay (IC50 value) = 0.7440 mg/L |
Al‐Juhaimi et al. (2020) |
| Antidiabetic | Aqueous leaf extract | Albino rats |
A dose of 300 mg/kg resulted in a decrease of 33.18% and 44.06% in blood sugar levels in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rats after 6 h Daily administration of 8 g leaf powder for 40 days led to a reduction of 28% in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 26% in postprandial blood glucose (PPPG) |
Bancessi et al. (2020) |
| Moringa leaves powder | Untreated type 2 diabetic patients (30–60 years of age) | Fouad et al. (2019) |