Comparison 2. Discontinuation of caffeine based on PMA (caffeine discontinued at a scheduled PMA) versus discontinuation based on resolution of symptoms (a fixed time after the infant is without respiratory support, or apneic spells).

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
2.1 Apnea: number of infants with at least 1 episode (interruption of breathing for more than 20 seconds, or as defined by the authors) in the 7 days after treatment discontinued	2	294	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.60 [0.31, 1.18]
2.2 IH: number of infants with at least 1 episode in the 7 days after treatment discontinued	1	174	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.38 [0.20, 0.75]
2.3 All‐cause mortality prior to hospital discharge	2	294	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.00 [0.14, 7.03]