Table 1.
Incidence and DALYs of female cancers in 1990 and 2021, and their estimated annual percentage changes from 1990 to 2021.
| Characteristics | Incidence |
DALYs |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of cases, 1990 | Age-standardised rate per 100,000 population, 1990 | Number of cases, 2021 | Age-standardised rate per 100,000 population, 2021 | Estimated annual percentage change, 1990–2021 | Number of cases, 1990 | Age-standardised rate per 100,000 population, 1990 | Number of cases, 2021 | Age-standardised rate per 100,000 population, 2021 | Estimated annual percentage change, 1990–2021 | |
| Global | 537,074 (500,166–576,819) | 47.1 (47.0–47.2) | 1,013,475 (929,748–1,099,212) | 50.7 (50.6–50.8) | 0.16 (0.11–0.21) | 8,594,286 (7,829,497–9,394,514) | 754.1 (753.6–754.6) | 12,512,451 (11,420,690–13,629,892) | 626.8 (626.4–627.1) | −0.73 (−0.82 to −0.64) |
| Causes | ||||||||||
| Breast cancer | 256,716 (246,082–270,224) | 23.1 (23.0–23.2) | 561,438 (523,147–602,978) | 28.1 (28.0–28.1) | 0.49 (0.44–0.55) | 3,992,794 (3,744,654–4,279,174) | 354.6 (354.3–355.0) | 6,659,460 (6,192,226–7,145,549) | 333.1 (332.9–333.4) | −0.39 (−0.49 to −0.28) |
| Cervical cancer | 204,495 (190,490–219,886) | 17.4 (17.4–17.5) | 307,428 (280,667–335,692) | 15.4 (15.4–15.5) | −0.39 (−0.48 to −0.29) | 3,509,984 (3,192,517–3,843,599) | 303.9 (303.6–304.2) | 4,184,314 (3,779,641–4,629,605) | 209.8 (209.6–210.0) | −1.25 (−1.34 to −1.16) |
| Ovarian cancer | 47,983 (40,523–55,870) | 4.1 (4.0–4.1) | 85,749 (75,169–95,090) | 4.3 (4.3–4.4) | 0.06 (0.00–0.12) | 799,648 (674,906–931,352) | 69.6 (69.5–69.8) | 1,294,996 (1,139,827–1,431,298) | 65.1 (65.0–65.2) | −0.38 (−0.45 to −0.31) |
| Uterine cancer | 27,880 (23,071–30,840) | 2.5 (2.5–2.6) | 58,860 (50,765–65,452) | 2.9 (2.9–3.0) | 0.45 (0.32–0.57) | 291,860 (217,420–340,389) | 25.9 (25.8–26.0) | 373,682 (308,997–423,441) | 18.7 (18.6–18.7) | −1.23 (−1.34 to −1.13) |
| GBD regions | ||||||||||
| Andean Latin America | 3447 (2927–4083) | 46.4 (44.8–48.0) | 9542 (7181–12,366) | 56.2 (55.0–57.3) | 0.44 (0.27–0.60) | 69,628 (59,231–81,917) | 944.1 (937.0–951.2) | 120,786 (91,396–156,536) | 712.7 (708.7–716.7) | −1.12 (−1.26 to −0.97) |
| Australasia | 4117 (3787–4459) | 76.4 (74.1–78.8) | 5150 (4481–5819) | 62.8 (61.1–64.6) | −0.48 (−0.59 to −0.38) | 43,424 (40,231–46,552) | 806.7 (799.1–814.3) | 32,381 (28,891–36,249) | 395.1 (390.8–399.4) | −2.28 (−2.36 to −2.21) |
| Caribbean | 5077 (4567–5718) | 65.2 (63.4–67.0) | 8584 (6996–10,441) | 70.6 (69.1–72.1) | 0.18 (0.07–0.29) | 85,073 (74,253–98,505) | 1091.6 (1084.2–1099.0) | 125,483 (98,894–158,682) | 1032.7 (1027.0–1038.4) | −0.20 (−0.28 to −0.11) |
| Central Asia | 6549 (6128–6966) | 50.8 (49.5–52.0) | 10,345 (8909–11,837) | 41.7 (40.9–42.5) | −0.47 (−0.58 to −0.36) | 113,062 (106,285–120,264) | 880.4 (875.1–885.7) | 145,434 (125,593–167,495) | 586.8 (583.8–589.9) | −1.26 (−1.38 to −1.13) |
| Central Europe | 21,487 (20,418–22,605) | 67.1 (66.2–68.0) | 20,039 (18,032–22,218) | 60.6 (59.8–61.5) | −0.44 (−0.60 to −0.28) | 315,219 (300,526–329,775) | 984.8 (981.3–988.2) | 187,852 (168,972–206,819) | 565.0 (562.4–567.6) | −1.97 (−2.12 to −1.82) |
| Central Latin America | 20,616 (19,897–21,350) | 63.4 (62.5–64.3) | 53,502 (45,585–61,381) | 78.0 (77.3–78.7) | 0.42 (0.24–0.59) | 290,860 (281,723–300,036) | 904.1 (900.8–907.5) | 512,544 (434,425–590,436) | 747.2 (745.2–749.3) | −0.80 (−0.99 to −0.61) |
| Central Sub-Saharan Africa | 3931 (2780–5430) | 42.4 (41.1–43.8) | 12,790 (8691–17,656) | 49.9 (49.0–50.8) | 0.48 (0.33–0.62) | 102,830 (73,304–141,116) | 1117.0 (1110.1–1124.0) | 279,827 (190,316–386,599) | 1102.2 (1098.0–1106.3) | −0.09 (−0.17 to 0.00) |
| East Asia | 85,443 (64,831–107,374) | 30.9 (30.7–31.1) | 194,456 (144,961–252,143) | 47.8 (47.6–48.0) | 1.52 (1.42–1.62) | 1,548,578 (1,177,382–1,951,722) | 561.3 (560.4–562.2) | 1,676,680 (1,251,317–2,179,663) | 411.6 (410.9–412.2) | −1.11 (−1.19 to −1.02) |
| Eastern Europe | 32,735 (31,409–34,123) | 59.0 (58.4–59.7) | 40,852 (36,031–46,013) | 66.3 (65.7–67.0) | 0.17 (0.01–0.33) | 481,852 (462,015–501,828) | 867.4 (865.0–869.9) | 427,374 (374,657–489,335) | 692.4 (690.3–694.5) | −1.07 (−1.24 to −0.90) |
| Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa | 16,266 (13,103–20,294) | 51.9 (51.1–52.7) | 42,428 (33,047–55,032) | 51.1 (50.6–51.6) | −0.36 (−0.52 to −0.21) | 427,006 (342,313–534,773) | 1370.5 (1366.3–1374.7) | 913,871 (715,476–1,180,317) | 1111.8 (1109.5–1114.2) | −0.99 (−1.13 to −0.85) |
| High-income Asia Pacific | 21,286 (19,682–22,835) | 43.6 (43.0–44.2) | 31,018 (28,462–33,763) | 62.0 (61.3–62.7) | 1.20 (0.97–1.42) | 223,578 (211,032–235,945) | 458.2 (456.3–460.1) | 199,980 (186,569–214,593) | 396.9 (395.1–398.7) | −0.51 (−0.61 to −0.42) |
| High-income North America | 78,846 (76,857–80,950) | 102.9 (102.2–103.6) | 70,172 (66,809–73,688) | 76.1 (75.5–76.6) | −1.02 (−1.08 to −0.95) | 604,862 (584,040–627,992) | 792.1 (790.1–794.1) | 427,601 (404,262–452,023) | 463.2 (461.8–464.6) | −1.76 (−1.85 to −1.66) |
| North Africa and Middle East | 13,125 (11,068–16,131) | 21.9 (21.6–22.3) | 67,869 (58,559–77,753) | 43.0 (42.6–43.3) | 2.45 (2.33–2.57) | 227,702 (192,483–282,288) | 381.7 (380.1–383.3) | 669,230 (564,325–785,242) | 423.8 (422.8–424.8) | 0.56 (0.45–0.66) |
| Oceania | 720 (506–985) | 59.4 (55.1–64.0) | 1731 (1254–2473) | 55.2 (52.6–57.9) | −0.38 (−0.51 to −0.26) | 14,675 (10,254–20,143) | 1219.2 (1199.2–1239.4) | 35,638 (25,940–51,073) | 1141.7 (1129.8–1153.6) | −0.20 (−0.29 to −0.11) |
| South Asia | 68,152 (57,828–79,566) | 32.6 (32.4–32.9) | 168,616 (144,752–196,552) | 36.5 (36.3–36.7) | 0.28 (0.05–0.52) | 1,673,221 (1,422,350–1,954,078) | 804.6 (803.3–805.8) | 3,090,832 (2,651,700–3,598,857) | 670.6 (669.8–671.3) | −0.69 (−0.88 to −0.51) |
| Southeast Asia | 37,811 (31,003–46,302) | 39.5 (39.1–39.9) | 98,628 (79,648–120,356) | 52.0 (51.7–52.3) | 0.75 (0.66–0.84) | 766,793 (630,393–932,258) | 807.3 (805.5–809.2) | 1,484,056 (1,201,480–1,824,571) | 781.0 (779.8–782.3) | −0.23 (−0.31 to −0.14) |
| Southern Latin America | 7250 (6600–7887) | 62.0 (60.5–63.4) | 11,579 (10,462–12,798) | 63.1 (62.0–64.3) | 0.07 (−0.08 to 0.23) | 126,176 (116,537–135,853) | 1082.1 (1076.2–1088.1) | 138,613 (126,860–151,623) | 754.3 (750.3–758.3) | −1.13 (−1.29 to −0.96) |
| Southern Sub-Saharan Africa | 5577 (4619–6746) | 54.0 (52.5–55.4) | 15,120 (12,663–17,618) | 73.3 (72.1–74.5) | 1.92 (1.28–2.56) | 115,436 (96,221–139,157) | 1129.7 (1123.1–1136.4) | 275,920 (231,633–322,209) | 1346.4 (1341.4–1351.5) | 1.53 (0.89–2.17) |
| Tropical Latin America | 14,830 (14,196–15,524) | 44.8 (44.1–45.5) | 39,651 (37,458–42,005) | 60.6 (60.0–61.2) | 0.61 (0.46–0.76) | 270,710 (259,556–282,654) | 823.4 (820.3–826.6) | 516,560 (488,657–544,848) | 788.5 (786.3–790.7) | −0.46 (−0.58 to −0.33) |
| Western Europe | 78,530 (75,912–81,205) | 79.2 (78.7–79.8) | 74,024 (70,768–77,671) | 65.3 (64.8–65.8) | −0.52 (−0.65 to −0.39) | 809,289 (781,999–839,255) | 816.6 (814.8–818.4) | 474,240 (450,254–501,904) | 417.2 (416.0–418.4) | −2.17 (−2.24 to −2.10) |
| Western Sub-Saharan Africa | 11,278 (8914–13,937) | 34.9 (34.3–35.6) | 37,379 (27,033–48,776) | 40.0 (39.6–40.4) | 0.41 (0.33–0.48) | 284,312 (226,850–351,733) | 888.7 (885.4–892.1) | 777,549 (561,352–1,012,954) | 839.6 (837.7–841.5) | −0.22 (−0.29 to −0.15) |
Abbreviation: DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years.