Table 1.
Description of state-level factors at three time periods for states with or without criminal exposure laws.
2000 | 2005 | 2010 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
States with laws (n = 27) | States without laws (n = 23) | States with laws (n = 29) | States without laws (n = 21) | States with laws (n = 30) | States without laws (n = 20) | |
Median household Income (mean in dollars) | 41355.30 | 42264.43 | 45321.14 | 47495.19 | 48748.54 | 51577.40 |
Unemployment rate (mean %) | 3.7 | 4.0 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 9.2 | 8.1 |
Percentage of population | ||||||
Below poverty level (mean %) | 10.8 | 10.7 | 12.3 | 11.8 | 14.7 | 13.4 |
Less than HS education (mean %) | 14.8 | 14.2 | 13.9 | 12.6 | 13.3 | 12.2 |
Residing in urban areas (mean %) | 72.6 | 68.2 | 71.5 | 69.3 | 72.8 | 70.6 |
Hispanic (mean %) | 7.1 | 8.7 | 8.2 | 10.5 | 9.4 | 12.0 |
Non-Hispanic white (mean %) | 76.4 | 77.0 | 74.3 | 75.5 | 72.3 | 74.2 |
Non-Hispanic black (mean %) | 12.5 | 7.3 | 13.2 | 6.4 | 13.2 | 6.8 |