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. 2024 Jul 24;10(30):eadn3053. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adn3053

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Copyright © 2024 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

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Fig. 6. — (A) Proposed model of host-symbiont interaction in the periphery of trophosome lobule. (B) Double FISH analysis of the genes encoding symbiont RuBisCO (Pezc_DN96205C0G1I1) and NosZ (Pec_DN83696C0G1I2), showing that RuBisCO and NosZ are expressed in the periphery and center symbionts, respectively. (C) Double FISH analysis of the genes encoding symbiont VCBS repeat protein (Pec_DN78589C0G1I1) and RuBisCO (Pec_DN96205C0G1I1), showing that both genes are expressed in periphery symbionts. (D) HCR analysis of the tubeworm host gene encoding cathepsin L1–like (PE_Scaf11249_3.4), host gene encoding hemoglobin B2 (PE_Scaf10099_1.7), and symbiont 16S rRNA. (E) FISH/IHC analysis of the symbiont 16S rRNA and late endosome marker Rab-7. The arrowheads indicate endosomes at the late stage of symbiont digestion. (F) Proposed mechanism of host-symbiont interaction in the center of a trophosome lobule. (G) Double FISH analysis of the tubeworm host gene encoding hemoglobin B2 (PE_Scaf10099_1.7) and symbiont gene encoding NosZ (Pec_DN83696C0G1I2); the double-sided arrows indicated the gaps between the NosZ-expressing anaerobic symbionts and the trophosome lobule’s peritoneum. (H) Double FISH analysis of the symbiont genes encoding transcription regulator rrf2 (Pec_DN124220C0G1I1) and NosZ (Pec_DN83696C0G1I2), showing that both genes are expressed in the lobule center symbionts. (I) Double FISH analysis of the tubeworm host gene encoding SAM-dependent methyl transferase (PE_Scaf2254_1.7) and the symbiont gene encoding porin (Pec_DN82760C0G1I2). (J) Fluorescence IHC analysis of SAH distribution in a trophosome lobule. The dashed-dotted line circled the low SAH region in the center of the lobule (P < 0.01, t test, n = 15). (K) FISH analysis of the symbiont 16S rRNA and the symbiont gene encoding glutamate synthase (Pec_DN68595C0G1I1), showing that the glutamate synthase is expressed in trophosome center symbionts.