Obstructive sleep apnea induces oxyhemoglobin desaturation and
tissue hypoxia. Insulin resistance develops as an adaptive process due to tissue
hypoxia. Obesity contributes to obstructive sleep apnea, but insulin resistance
and its complications (the metabolic syndrome and its components, type 2
diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and kidney disease) occur in patients with obstructive sleep apnea irrespective of general obesity.
HDL-c, high density lipoprotein-associated cholesterol.