. 2024 Jun 3;14:1337861. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1337861

Table 2.

Meta-analyses of the association of virulence factors and invasive infection (low ROB).

Virulence factor	No. of studies	No. of iGAS	No. of non-iGAS	Pooled OR	95%CI	Heterogeneity (I²) %	Studies used (reference no.)
speA	21	442/1,184	878/3,038	1.48	0.99;2.20	73.8	(Tyler et al., 1992; Hsueh et al., 1998; Descheemaeker et al., 2000; Mylvaganam et al., 2000; DelVecchio et al., 2002; Haukness et al., 2002; Murakami et al., 2002; Schmitz et al., 2003; Ekelund et al., 2005; Bianco et al., 2006; Rivera et al., 2006; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Maripuu et al., 2008; Chan et al., 2009; Hraoui et al., 2011; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speB	4	268/280	583/632	0.60	0.11;3.26	57.4	(Schmitz et al., 2003; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Strus et al., 2017; Yu et al., 2021)
speC	19	606/1,159	1,781/2,841	0.89	0.63;1.27	71.5	(Tyler et al., 1992; Hsueh et al., 1998; Descheemaeker et al., 2000; DelVecchio et al., 2002; Haukness et al., 2002; Murakami et al., 2002; Schmitz et al., 2003; Ekelund et al., 2005; Rivera et al., 2006; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Maripuu et al., 2008; Chan et al., 2009; Hraoui et al., 2011; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speF	4	236/256	373/390	0.97	0.42;2.22	0	(Hsueh et al., 1998; Schmitz et al., 2003; Chan et al., 2009; Yu et al., 2021)
speG	8	517/559	1,189/1,480	1.80	1.69;4.71	78.7	(Murakami et al., 2002; Schmitz et al., 2003; Rivera et al., 2006; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speH	12	163/865	607/2,078	0.78	0.60;1.01	17.4	(Murakami et al., 2002; Schmitz et al., 2003; Ekelund et al., 2005; Rivera et al., 2006; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Maripuu et al., 2008; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speI	9	87/648	364/1,662	0.85	0.65;1.13	0	(Ekelund et al., 2005; Rivera et al., 2006; Maripuu et al., 2008; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speJ	9	241/619	369/1,220	0.97	0.65;1.44	49	(Schmitz et al., 2003; Rivera et al., 2006; Maripuu et al., 2008; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Coppens et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speK	6	51/366	181/1,152	1.55	0.43;5.66	89.6	(Kittang et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Coppens et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speL	7	28/394	89/1,273	1.49	0.92;2.41	0	(Rivera et al., 2006; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
speM	8	63/448	133/1,310	1.64	1.06;2.52	24.7	(Rivera et al., 2006; Maripuu et al., 2008; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
ssa	15	241/1,014	928/2,585	1.05	0.61;1.83	81.3	(Descheemaeker et al., 2000; Murakami et al., 2002; Schmitz et al., 2003; Ekelund et al., 2005; Rivera et al., 2006; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Maripuu et al., 2008; Chan et al., 2009; Hraoui et al., 2011; Kittang et al., 2011; Michaelsen et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
smeZ	10	446/651	1,071/1,430	1.02	0.48;2.17	80	(Schmitz et al., 2003; Rivera et al., 2006; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Maripuu et al., 2008; Chan et al., 2009; Kittang et al., 2011; Strus et al., 2017; Bencardino et al., 2019; Yu et al., 2021; Li et al., 2022)
prtf1	3	29/55	200/369	0.42	0.20;0.87	0	(Bianco et al., 2006; Luca-Harari et al., 2008; Bencardino et al., 2019)
pnga3	1	74/236	265/417	0.26	0.19;0.37	–	(Li et al., 2022)
sda1	1	36/236	94/417	0.62	0.41;0.94	–	(Li et al., 2022)
sic	1	24/236	89/417	0.42	0.26;0.68	–	(Li et al., 2022)
NADase 330G	1	173/236	371/417	0.34	0.22;0.52	–	(Li et al., 2022)
hasA	1	163/236	225/417	1.91	1.36;2.67	–	(Li et al., 2022)

iGAS, invasive GAS infections; non-iGAS, non-invasive GAS infections; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; bold typeface, significant association.