Table 2.

Arterial parameters (mean $\mathrm{\pm }$ SD) grouped by age and BMI.

Variables		Normal	Overweight	Obese	p
18–44 years
	n	258	102	40
	Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	110.90 $\pm$ 14.71	118.96 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{16.84}}^{*}$	132.53 $\pm$ 22.05*#	0.001
	Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	71.76 $\pm$ 9.74	76.97 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{11.98}}^{*}$	84.33 $\pm$ 11.86*#	0.001
	AVI	12.09 $\pm$ 3.93	13.89 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{4.93}}^{*}$	14.25 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{4.75}}^{*}$	0.001
	API	23.98 $\pm$ 5.07	25.17 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{5.32}}^{*}$	28.35 $\pm$ 5.13*#	0.001
	FCVRS	0.00 (–5.00, 3.00)	2.00 ${\mathrm{(–2.00,\; 4.00)}}^{*}$	4.50 ${\mathrm{(0.00,\; 6.00)}}^{*}$	0.001
45–59 years
	n	343	304	75
	Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	123.43 $\pm$ 19.34	130.78 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{20.56}}^{*}$	138.39 $\pm$ 19.25*#	0.001
	Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	76.17 $\pm$ 11.05	80.25 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{11.83}}^{*}$	86.17 $\pm$ 12.36*#	0.001
	AVI	17.87 $\pm$ 6.40	18.15 $\pm$ 6.17	17.79 $\pm$ 4.79	0.809
	API	26.69 $\pm$ 5.48	28.97 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{6.87}}^{*}$	29.85 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{6.48}}^{*}$	0.001
	FCVRS	11.00 (8.00, 12.00)	11.00 ${\mathrm{(9.00,\; 13.00)}}^{*}$	12.00 (11.00, 15.00)*#	0.001
$\ge$60 years
	n	559	412	127
	Systolic blood pressure, mmHg	132.17 $\pm$ 22.91	140.38 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{24.04}}^{*}$	142.17 $\pm$ 26.69*#	0.001
	Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg	74.40 $\pm$ 11.61	79.02 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{12.34}}^{*}$	82.01 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{13.44}}^{*}$	0.001
	AVI	20.21 $\pm$ 6.58	19.62 $\pm$ 6.18	18.91 $\pm$ 7.16	0.109
	API	30.84 $\pm$ 7.37	33.03 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{7.43}}^{*}$	34.37 $\pm$ ${\mathrm{7.41}}^{*}$	0.001
	FCVRS	15.00 (13.00, 17.00)	16.00 ${\mathrm{(14.00,\; 18.00)}}^{*}$	16.00 (14.00, 18.00)	0.001

AVI, arterial velocity pulse index; API, arterial pressure volume index; FCVRS, Framingham cardiovascular risk score; BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation. ^*p 0.05 vs the normal group. ^#p 0.05 vs the overweight group.