Table 3.

Distribution of Pb, Cd, Hg, Se, and Mn concentrations (ng/g)

	Mean	SD	Min	25%	50%	75%	Max	p-value
Total study participants, n = 90163
Pb	6.34	2.86	1.20	4.70	5.85	7.33	110
Cd	0.75	0.38	0.10	0.50	0.66	0.90	5.33
Hg	4.20	2.49	0.18	2.54	3.64	5.20	58.8
Se	170	20.3	82.8	156	168	182	976
Mn	15.9	4.66	3.06	12.6	15.3	18.6	60.8
All congenital limb abnormalities, n = 369
Pb	6.27	2.86	2.25	4.62	5.76	7.21	30.8	0.339
Cd	0.74	0.37	0.19	0.50	0.66	0.87	2.92	0.811
Hg	4.08	2.31	0.55	2.52	3.56	5.14	14.6	0.402
Se	171	23.0	112	156	168	183	318	0.912
Mn	15.8	4.63	6.78	12.35	15.2	18.3	31.0	0.478
Without congenital limb abnormalities, n = 89794
Pb	6.34	2.86	1.20	4.70	5.85	7.33	110
Cd	0.75	0.38	0.10	0.50	0.66	0.90	5.33
Hg	4.20	2.49	0.18	2.54	3.64	5.20	58.8
Se	170	20.3	82.8	156	168	182	976
Mn	15.9	4.66	3.06	12.6	15.3	18.6	60.8

p-values were calculated by Mann-Whitney U test between participants all and without congenital limb abnormalities.