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. 2024 Jul 11;26:e57842. doi: 10.2196/57842

Table 12.

Associations of eHLa with difficulties in seeking and using COVID-19 information (none and the top 5 difficulties).

Difficulties Total (n=6000), n (%) eHEALSb (quartile) P for trend Total score of DHLIc (quartile) P for trend


Q1 (Low) (n=1504), n (%) Q2 (n=1531), n (%) Q3 (n=1429), n (%) Q4 (High) (n=1536), n (%)
Q1 (Low) (n=1437), n (%) Q2 (n=1511), n (%) Q3 (n=1531), n (%) Q4 (High) (n=1521), n (%)
None 3151 (52.52) 779 (51.8) 899 (58.72) 707 (49.48) 766 (49.87) .01 628 (43.7) 738 (48.84) 845 (55.19) 940 (61.8) <.001
Information discernment 409 (6.82) 103 (6.85) 94 (6.14) 115 (8.05) 97 (6.32) .94 116 (8.07) 135 (8.93) 86 (5.62) 72 (4.73) <.001
Incomprehensible information 348 (5.8) 140 (9.31) 87 (5.68) 66 (4.62) 55 (3.58) <.001 139 (9.67) 95 (6.29) 67 (4.38) 47 (3.09) <.001
Information overload 272 (4.53) 64 (4.26) 69 (4.51) 70 (4.9) 69 (4.49) .65 68 (4.73) 89 (5.89) 73 (4.77) 42 (2.76) .003
Vaccination information 261 (4.35) 60 (3.99) 54 (3.53) 75 (5.25) 72 (4.69) .11 61 (4.24) 73 (4.83) 70 (4.57) 57 (3.75) .45
Disinformation 209 (3.48) 44 (2.93) 56 (3.66) 51 (3.57) 58 (3.78) .24 41 (2.85) 47 (3.11) 55 (3.59) 66 (4.34) .02

aeHL: eHealth literacy.

beHEALS: eHealth Literacy Scale.

cDHLI: Digital Health Literacy Instrument.