Table 2.
Scores of the five dimensions from PIL scale (n = 150,−x ± s).
| Dimensions | Actual score range | Total point | Average | Ranking |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proactivity | 2–14 | 10.0 ± 2.73 | 5.0 ± 1.36 | 1 |
| Life goals | 12–41 | 28.4 ± 5.00 | 4.7 ± 0.83 | 2 |
| Future aspirations | 4–14 | 9.4 ± 2.57 | 4.7 ± 1.29 | 3 |
| Passion for life | 20–55 | 33.7 ± 6.21 | 4.2 ± 0.78 | 4 |
| Sense of autonomy | 2–14 | 7.1 ± 2.19 | 3.5 ± 1.10 | 5 |