Table 3.
Characteristics of 277 AGEhIV Coronavirus Disease 2019 Substudy Participants With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Infection, by HIV Status
| Characteristic | Participants, No. (%)a | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PWH (n = 110) |
Controls (n = 167) |
||
| Omicron infectionb,c | |||
| Asymptomatic | 17/101 (16.8) | 22/159 (13.8) | .51d |
| Symptomatic | 84/101 (83.2) | 137/159 (86.2) | |
| Symptomsc | |||
| Fever | 27/101 (26.7) | 37/159 (23.3) | .69d |
| Chills | 37/101 (36.6) | 45/159 (28.3) | .30d |
| Rhinorrhea | 59/101 (58.4) | 100/159 (62.9) | .77d |
| Ear pain | 6/101 (5.9) | 17/159 (10.7) | .41e |
| Cough | 54/101 (53.5) | 92/159 (57.9) | .77d |
| Phlegm | 37/101 (36.6) | 56/159 (35.2) | .68d |
| Sore throat | 37/101 (36.6) | 70/159 (44.0) | .30d |
| Shortness of breath | 23/101 (22.8) | 45/159 (28.3) | .55d |
| Loss of smell | 11/101 (10.9) | 13/159 (8.2) | .48d |
| Loss of taste | 7/101 (6.9) | 10/159 (6.3) | .91e |
| Fatigue | 58/101 (57.4) | 86/159 (54.1) | .78d |
| Muscle ache | 39/101 (38.6) | 54/159 (34.0) | .60d |
| Headache | 47/101 (46.5) | 70/159 (44.0) | .89d |
| Confusion | 3/101 (3.0) | 10/159 (6.3) | .55e |
| Nausea | 12/101 (11.9) | 16/159 (10.1) | .90d |
| Vomiting | 6/101 (5.9) | 5/159 (3.1) | .50e |
| Abdominal pain | 10/101 (9.9) | 14/159 (8.8) | .86d |
| Diarrhea | 25/101 (24.8) | 23/159 (14.5) | .11d |
| Chest pain | 12/101 (11.9) | 14/159 (8.8) | .72d |
| Other | 4/101 (4.0) | 8/159 (5.0) | .41e |
| Hospital admission due to COVID-19c | 0 (.0) | 0 (.0) | >.99e |
| Age, median (IQR), yf | 62.1 (58.5–66.7) | 61.4 (57.8–67.4) | .46g |
| Age group, y | |||
| <60 | 40 (36.4) | 69 (41.3) | .68d |
| 60–64 | 30 (27.3) | 39 (23.3) | |
| 65–69 | 21 (19.1) | 26 (15.6) | |
| ≥70 | 19 (17.3) | 33 (19.8) | |
| Male sex at birth | 102 (92.7) | 139 (82.2) | .03e |
| Ethnic origin | |||
| Caucasian | 105 (95.5) | 160 (95.8) | .04d |
| African | 5 (4.5) | 2 (1.2) | |
| Asian | 0 (.0) | 5 (3.0) | |
| BMI, median (IQR)h,i | 24.7 (23.2–26.8) | 25.4 (23.2–28.2) | .27g |
| BMI categoryi | |||
| Underweight (<18.5) | 2 (1.8) | 0 (.0) | .33e |
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 56 (50.9) | 79 (47.3) | |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 37 (33.6) | 66 (39.5) | |
| Obese (≥30.0) | 15 (13.7) | 22 (13.2) | |
| Total no. of comorbid conditionsh,j | |||
| 0 | 13 (11.8) | 49 (29.3) | <.001d |
| 1–2 | 65 (59.1) | 96 (57.5) | |
| 3–6 | 32 (29.1) | 22 (13.2) | |
| Current smokingb,h,k | 11/101 (10.9) | 20/159 (12.6) | .68d |
| Current alcohol useb,h,k | 85/101 (84.2) | 132/159 (83.0) | .81d |
| Current recreational drug useb,h,k | 29/101 (28.7) | 48/159 (30.2) | .84d |
| No. of household membersh,j,l | |||
| 1 (living alone) | 43/100 (43.0) | 79/159 (49.7) | .35e |
| 2 | 53/100 (53.0) | 70/159 (44.0) | |
| ≥3 | 4/100 (4.0) | 10/159 (6.3) | |
| No. of sexual contacts in last 6 mob,h,k | |||
| 0–1 | 65/101 (64.4) | 88/159 (55.4) | .08d |
| 2–4 | 19/101 (18.8) | 25/159 (15.7) | |
| ≥5 | 17/101 (16.8) | 46/159 (28.9) | |
| Prior non-Omicron infection | 19 (17.3) | 28 (16.8) | .91d |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccinations received | |||
| Primary vaccination series only | 12 (10.9) | 16 (9.6) | .97e |
| Primary vaccination series + 1 booster | 52 (47.3) | 83 (49.7) | |
| Primary vaccination series + 2 boosters | 39 (35.4) | 57 (34.1) | |
| Primary vaccination series + 3 boosters | 6 (6.4) | 11 (6.6) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine type primary vaccination series | |||
| BNT162b2 | 73 (66.4) | 115 (68.9) | .74e |
| mRNA-1273 | 3 (2.7) | 4 (2.4) | |
| ChAdOx1 | 33 (30.0) | 41 (24.6) | |
| Ad26.COV2.S | 1 (.9) | 4 (2.4) | |
| ChAdOx1 + BNT162b2 | 0 (.0) | 1 (.6) | |
| Unknown | 0 (.0) | 2 (1.2) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine type 1st booster | |||
| BNT162b2 | 50 (45.5) | 78 (46.7) | .98e |
| mRNA-1273 | 47 (42.7) | 72 (43.1) | |
| Unknown | 1 (.9) | 1 (.6) | |
| No booster | 12 (10.9) | 16 (9.6) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine type 2nd booster | |||
| BNT162b2 | 6 (5.5) | 16 (9.6) | .57e |
| mRNA-1273 | 38 (34.5) | 50 (29.9) | |
| Unknown | 2 (1.8) | 2 (1.2) | |
| No 2nd booster | 64 (58.2) | 99 (59.3) | |
| SARS-CoV-2 vaccine type 3rd booster | |||
| BNT162b2 | 1 (.9) | 1 (.6) | >.99e |
| mRNA-1273 | 5 (4.6) | 8 (4.8) | |
| Unknown | 1 (.9) | 2 (1.2) | |
| No third booster | 103 (93.6) | 156 (93.4) | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; IQR, interquartile range; PWH, people with human immunodeficiency virus; SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2.
aData represent no. (%) of participants unless otherwise specified.
bMissing in 9 of 110 PWH and 8 of 167 controls.
cIn the period since last study visit and Omicron infection.
dPearson χ2 test.
eFisher exact test.
fAt baseline (defined as 1 January 2022).
gWilcoxon rank sum test.
hLast available data before date of Omicron infection.
iBMI calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
jTotal comorbidity count includes cardiovascular disease, cancer, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease .
kIn the last 6 months.
lMissing in 10 of 110 PWH and 8 of 167 controls.