Table 2.

Ethogram for coding the tone of approach for the dog’s initial door approach during the prosocial task.

Category	Posture
Calm/Social	Ears neutral, mouth open and relaxed, body relaxed, tail neutral to wagging
Submissive/Fearful	Ears back, mouth closed, body crouching and small, tail tucked
Alert	Ears up, mouth closed, body stiff, tail up
Alert + Aggressive	Same as alert, but with the addition of growling or barking
Playful	Ears up or neutral, mouth open, body in play bow (on elbows), tail up