Table 2.

Dimensions of the questionnaire on attitudes toward ChatGPT by Yilmaz [72].

(1) Perceived Utility	This refers to the degree to which a user believes that using ChatGPT will enhance their performance or productivity in a specific task. For instance, students might perceive that using ChatGPT can help them better understand complex topics or complete their assignments more efficiently.
(2) Attitudes Towards the use of ChatGPT	This factor encompasses the user’s overall affective reactions to using ChatGPT. It includes positive or negative feelings about the use of the technology, which are influenced by their experiences and perceptions of its usefulness and ease of use.
(3) Perceived Credibility	This refers to the extent to which users believe that ChatGPT provides accurate, reliable, and trustworthy information. Credibility can be influenced by factors such as the perceived expertise of the source and the consistency of the information provided.
(4) Perceived Social Influence	This factor involves the degree to which users perceive that important others (such as friends, colleagues, or instructors) believe they should use ChatGPT. Social influence can affect user attitudes and behaviors towards adopting new technologies.
(5) Perceived Privacy and Security	This refers to the degree to which users feel confident that their data and interactions with ChatGPT are secure and that their privacy is protected. Concerns about data breaches or misuse of personal information can significantly impact the acceptance of the technology.
(6) Perceived Ease of Use	This factor is about the degree to which a user believes that using ChatGPT will be free of effort. It includes perceptions of how easy it is to learn and use the system. If users find ChatGPT intuitive and user-friendly, they are more likely to adopt it.
(7) Behavioral Intention to use ChatGPT	This refers to the user’s intention to use ChatGPT in the future. Behavioral intention is influenced by attitudes towards use, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and other factors. A strong behavioral intention typically predicts actual usage behavior.